In 1956, there was a competition to design a new community centre for a suburb just south of Stockholm. Seventy-year-old architect Sigurd Lewerentz was invited to participate and ultimately won the first prize with his proposal, "Mellanspel". His project was the only one that resolved an interesting relationship within the site by inserting buildings of modest dimensions in relation to the context of the area facing a dense forest. Thanks to the architectural quality of the spaces defined by a "clear and refined" structure, these buildings settled into the dormitory district with the appearance of an "archaic" construction. The architectural quality of the spaces, defined by a "clear and refined" structure, allows for the addition of a building with the appearance of an "archaic" construction to the dormitory quarter. The construction of the new parish complex consisted of fair-faced dark brick walls with large mortar joints either flush with or protruding from the brickwork. Although this design references ancient architecture, it conceals a modern use of construction techniques. The construction becomes the starting point of the architecture, which is explored through the "ways of doing" of the wall, the roof, and the floor. Lewerentz's most significant accomplishment, recognised by contemporary and later critics alike, was the fruit of a productive collaboration with leading technicians and craftsmen on site. In particular, among them were the theoretical and practical contributions of engineer Granholm, who at that time was carrying out experimental research on masonry and reinforced masonry. The walls of St Mark's, almost in ruins, invite us to reflect on the nature of architecture. Without any decorative forms, the building expresses its essence: pure construction. Therefore, the aim of investigating the relationship between form and construction is to produce unprecedented research that, through the decomposition of the building, will investigate the hidden aspects related to the construction. The focus of this work is the architectural artefact in its uniqueness and complexity, the relationship between the idea and form of the building, the relationship between architecture and construction, and the understanding of the building’s constructive nature. The process of disassembling and reassembling the parts and connections that create the relationships between the parts allows the architectural body to be reconstructed almost as if it were being built on-site. This method mirrors that of the architect, a daily visitor of the factory, steering the project from conception to completion, thus not only serving as the architect of the St Mark’s complex but also as its artificer.
Nel 1956 viene bandito il concorso per il progetto per un nuovo complesso parrocchiale per un sobborgo poco a sud di Stoccolma. Al concorso viene invitato a partecipare l’architetto ormai settantenne Sigurd Lewerentz, che si aggiudica il primo premio. La proposta per il progetto, dal motto Mellanspel, risulta essere l’unica che risolve in maniera interessante il rapporto con il luogo, inserendo dei corpi di modeste dimensioni rispetto al contesto, nell’area prospicente un folto bosco, che grazie alla qualità architettonica degli spazi definiti da una struttura “chiara e raffinata” si insediano nel quartiere dormitorio con l’aspetto di una costruzione “arcaica”. La costruzione del nuovo complesso parrocchiale è costituita da muri in mattoni scuri faccia a vista con giunti di malta ampi lasciati a filo del laterizio o sbordanti. Il rapporto con l’architettura antica dato dalla sua rappresentazione, cela tuttavia un uso moderno delle tecniche costruttive. La costruzione diventa il punto di partenza dell’architettura che viene sviscerata attraverso “dei modi di fare” del muro, del tetto e del pavimento. L’importante risultato raggiunto da Lewerentz, riconosciuto dalla critica contemporanea e successiva, è frutto di una proficua collaborazione con tecnici e maestranze protagonisti del cantiere. In particolare, grazie al contributo teorico e pratico dell’ing. Granholm, che proprio in quegli anni stava conducendo delle ricerche sperimentali sull’arte muraria e sulla muratura armata. Quasi allo stato di rovina, le murature del complesso di San Marco ci invitano a riflettere sulla essenza dell’architettura, che spogliata di qualsiasi forma decorativa esprime in maniera significativa la propria essenza: la pura costruzione. Quindi l’obiettivo di indagare il rapporto tra forma e costruzione è condotto con lo scopo di produrre una ricerca inedita che attraverso la scomposizione dell’edificio miri ad indagare gli aspetti nascosti legati alla costruzione. Al centro del lavoro è posto il manufatto architettonico nella sua singolarità e complessità, il rapporto tra idea e forma dell’edificio, le relazione tra architettura e costruzione, la conoscenza della natura costruttiva dell’edificio. Il metodo utilizzato è quello del ridisegno critico adottato come strumento d’indagine analitica attraverso il quale è possibile una conoscenza profonda dell’edificio. Nel processo di smontaggio e rimontaggio dei singoli pezzi e delle connessioni che creano le relazioni tra le parti, il corpo architettonico viene quasi ricostruito alla stregua della costruzione in cantiere. Il metodo è quasi analogo a quello dell’architetto assiduo frequentatore della fabbrica: ha portato a termine il progetto, dall’idea alla sua realizzazione, assumendo così non solo il ruolo di architetto del complesso di San Marco ma di suo artefice.
La moderna costruzione antica. Sigurd Lewerentz e la costruzione del complesso parrocchiale di San Marco a Björkhagen a Stoccolma
Frisenna, Chiara
2024
Abstract
In 1956, there was a competition to design a new community centre for a suburb just south of Stockholm. Seventy-year-old architect Sigurd Lewerentz was invited to participate and ultimately won the first prize with his proposal, "Mellanspel". His project was the only one that resolved an interesting relationship within the site by inserting buildings of modest dimensions in relation to the context of the area facing a dense forest. Thanks to the architectural quality of the spaces defined by a "clear and refined" structure, these buildings settled into the dormitory district with the appearance of an "archaic" construction. The architectural quality of the spaces, defined by a "clear and refined" structure, allows for the addition of a building with the appearance of an "archaic" construction to the dormitory quarter. The construction of the new parish complex consisted of fair-faced dark brick walls with large mortar joints either flush with or protruding from the brickwork. Although this design references ancient architecture, it conceals a modern use of construction techniques. The construction becomes the starting point of the architecture, which is explored through the "ways of doing" of the wall, the roof, and the floor. Lewerentz's most significant accomplishment, recognised by contemporary and later critics alike, was the fruit of a productive collaboration with leading technicians and craftsmen on site. In particular, among them were the theoretical and practical contributions of engineer Granholm, who at that time was carrying out experimental research on masonry and reinforced masonry. The walls of St Mark's, almost in ruins, invite us to reflect on the nature of architecture. Without any decorative forms, the building expresses its essence: pure construction. Therefore, the aim of investigating the relationship between form and construction is to produce unprecedented research that, through the decomposition of the building, will investigate the hidden aspects related to the construction. The focus of this work is the architectural artefact in its uniqueness and complexity, the relationship between the idea and form of the building, the relationship between architecture and construction, and the understanding of the building’s constructive nature. The process of disassembling and reassembling the parts and connections that create the relationships between the parts allows the architectural body to be reconstructed almost as if it were being built on-site. This method mirrors that of the architect, a daily visitor of the factory, steering the project from conception to completion, thus not only serving as the architect of the St Mark’s complex but also as its artificer.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14242/116264
URN:NBN:IT:POLIBA-116264