The contamination of soils and waters with heavy metals (HM) such as chromium, copper, zinc and cadmium represents one of the most severe environmental challenges, posing risks to ecosystem balance and human health. Microorganisms and plants have evolved a range of mechanisms to tolerate, transform and immobilize these pollutants, offering opportunities for sustainable bioremediation strategies. The aim of this PhD thesis was to investigate how bacteria can contribute to the removal and detox...
This thesis presents two complementary searches for supersymmetric particles with compressed mass spectra using proton-proton collision data
collected by the ATLAS detector during the LHC Run 2 and Run 3. The analyses target the production of charginos and neutralinos near the electroweak scale and with mass splittings
in the range $0.3-1.5$ GeV. Owing to the small mass differences, the heavier neutralino and chargino are relatively long-lived and decay into low-momentum charged pions...
Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) with KMT2A::AFF1 t(4;11)(q21;q23) fusion represents a high-risk entity with poor prognosis in both pediatric and adult populations. In adults, KMT2A rearrangements account for approximately 5–10% of BCR-ABL1-negative cases and are typically associated with higher white blood cell counts, a pro-B immunophenotype, and older age. Despite comparable rates of complete remission (CR) and minimal residual disease (MRD) negativity after induction, KMT2A::AFF1-positi...
This thesis concerns the study of mortars used in archaeological contexts located in areas characterized by high seismicity, specifically, the well-known sites of Pompeii and Hierapolis of Phrygia, as well as Carsulae and Narni in Umbria. The research focused on the diachronic evolution of raw material selection and production techniques for mortar-based materials, while also identifying the factors responsible for their remarkable durability. To this end, the mortars were characterized throu...
Osteosarcoma (OS) is one of the most aggressive pediatric malignancies, characterised by
limited survival rates and poor outcomes in cases of relapsed or metastatic disease.
Although chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy has revolutionized the treatment
of hematologic malignancies, its application to solid tumors has been hampered by antigen
heterogeneity and the immunosuppressive tumour microenvironment (TME). Within this
hostile niche, the stromal compartment, especially ...
Obesity is a multifaceted metabolic disorder increasingly recognized for its impact not only on
peripheral systems such as lipid and glucose metabolism but also on central nervous system (CNS)
health, including neurodegenerative processes. Chronic consumption of high-fat, high-fructose
diets (HFHFD) leads to systemic metabolic dysfunction characterized by insulin resistance,
dyslipidemia, hepatic steatosis, and neuroinflammation, ultimately contributing to cognitive
impairment and a...
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the second leading cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide and is characterized by marked metabolic reprogramming to sustain tumor growth and survival. In this context, mitochondrial glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GPD2), a key enzyme in the glycerophosphate shuttle, emerges as a critical regulator of redox balance. Through analysis of publicly available datasets and tumor samples from mouse models of intestinal tumorigenesis, we demonstrate that GPD2 is con...
Rationale
Muscular dystrophies are genetically inherited degenerative myopathies1.The most prevalent muscular dystrophies involve dystrophin and components of the dystrophin-associated protein complex (DAPC)2. Among them, Limb-Girdle Muscular Dystrophy type 2E (LGMD2E) is caused by mutations in the β-sarcoglycan (βSGC) gene, leading to skeletal and cardiac dysfunctions3. Intercellular communication plays a crucial role in muscle homeostasis, and growing evidence highlights the involvement of...
This work advances the field of large-eddy simulation (LES) for wall-bounded turbulence through four key contributions. We begin by conducting direct numerical simulations (DNS) of rotating turbulent pipe flow at friction Reynolds numbers up to $\Rey_\tau \approx 3000$, investigating the physical mechanisms underlying drag reduction induced by steady axial rotation. Next, we present CaLES, a graphics processing unit (GPU) accelerated LES solver featuring advanced subgrid-scale (SGS) models an...
Questa tesi di dottorato esplora l'applicazione dei Modelli di Spazio Vettoriale (VSMs) e delle moderne tecnologie linguistiche in due domini ad alto impatto: Labour Market Intelligence (LMI) ed Elaborazione del Linguaggio Naturale Finanziario (Financial NLP). La ricerca affronta le sfide specifiche dei domini attraverso metodologie innovative che vanno oltre i modelli linguistici generici, dimostrando come approcci computazionali mirati possano estrarre insight significativi da dati testuali...