The general aim of this PhD course was the evaluation of the effects of strawberry extracts treatment on two in vitro models of murine breast cancer cell line, trying to detect a specific pathway (AMPK) through which strawberries exert their anticancer activity. In the first part of the PhD course 5 different strawberry commercial cultivars, 4 of them resulting from the UNIVPM breeding program, were evaluated for their sensorial and nutritional qualities, in particular soluble solids and total acidity. Regarding the nutritional qualities, the content of total phenolics, flavonoids, anthocyanins, vitamin C and folates were evaluated. The antioxidant capacity was also measured, through 3 different methodologies. After the evaluation of the 5 different cultivars, Alba was chosen for its nutritional value and was used for the second part of PhD course. In this second part, the anticancer activity of methanolic and anthocyanin purified extracts from Alba cultivar on two murine cancer cell lines, N202/1A (with high levels of HER2/neu oncogene) and N202/1E (with low levels of HER2/neu oncogene) were evaluated after 48 and 72 h of treatment. In particular, the viability, apoptosis and intracellular ROS rates were assessed. The cell damage was also estimated through the evaluation of the mitochondrial functionality (respiratory and glycolitic assay) and the oxidative status (measurement of SOD and CAT activity). Finally, Western Blot assays were performed to analyze the expression of several proteins related to apoptosis, autophagy, metastasis, oxidative status, mitochondrial functionality, oncogene expression and AMPK pathway. On this regard, cells were also treated with Compound C, an AMPK inhibitor, and the effects of this compound on cell viability, apoptosis and AMPK expression were assessed, in order to compare them with the results obtained after the strawberry treatment. This study demonstrated that a well characterized strawberry possessed an antiproliferative effect on cancer cells, through the induction of apoptosis and oxidative stress. At the same time, this study is one of the first that have tried to in deep a candidate pathway for the explanation of the strawberry effects on cancer cells, and as a results a relation between the AMPK pathway and the anticancer effects of strawberries was demonstrated.
L’obiettivo principale degli studi condotti durante il corso di dottorato è stato quello di valutare gli effetti del trattamento con estratti di fragola su 2 modelli murini in vitro di cancro al seno, cercando di verificare se nel meccanismo di azione tramite il quale le fragole sembrano svolgere un’azione antitumorale sia implicato l’AMPK. Nella prima parte degli studi sono state valutate le caratteristiche sensoriali (solidi solubili e acidità totale) e nutrizionali (contenuto totale di fenoli, di flavonoidi, di antociani, di vitamina C e di folati) e la capacità antiossidante di 5 diverse cultivar commerciali di fragola. Dopo averle valutate, la scelta per effettuare i test in vitro è ricaduta su Alba, per il suo valore nutrizionale. Nella seconda parte del dottorato è stata valutata la capacità antitumorale degli estratti metanolici ed antocianici della cultivar Alba su 2 linee tumorali murine di cancro al seno, N202/1A (alta espressione dell’oncogene HER2/neu) e N202/1E (bassa espressione dell’oncogene HER2/neu), dopo 48 e 72 ore di trattamento. In particolare, sono stati determinati il tasso di vitalità, di apoptosi e di ROS intracellulari. Il danno alle cellule tumorali è stato valutato anche tramite l’analisi della funzionalità mitocondriale (capacità di glicolizzare e di consumare ossigeno) e lo stato ossidativo (misura dell’attività della SOD e della CAT). Infine, è stato usato il Western Blot per l’analisi dell’espressione di proteine correlate all’apoptosi, all’autofagia, alle metastasi, allo stato ossidativo, alla funzionalità mitocondriale, all’espressione dell’oncogene e alla regolazione dell’AMPK. A questo proposito, le cellule sono state anche trattate con il Composto C, un inibitore dell’AMPK, e sono stati valutati i suoi effetti sulla vitalità cellulare, l’apoptosi e l’espressione dell’AMPK rispetto a quelli in presenza di un trattamento con estratti di fragola. Questo studio ha dimostrato che fragole ben caratterizzate possiedono un effetto antiproliferativo su cellule tumorali, tramite l’induzione di apoptosi e di stress ossidativo. Allo stesso tempo, questo lavoro approfondisce le conoscenze sul possibile meccanismo di azione, spiegando in parte l’effetto delle fragole su cellule tumorali e dimostrando l’esistenza di una relazione tra la via dell’AMPK e l’effetto anticancerogeno delle fragole stesse.
In vitro effects of Alba strawberry cultivars on two murine breast cancer cell lines
MAZZONI, Luca
2015
Abstract
The general aim of this PhD course was the evaluation of the effects of strawberry extracts treatment on two in vitro models of murine breast cancer cell line, trying to detect a specific pathway (AMPK) through which strawberries exert their anticancer activity. In the first part of the PhD course 5 different strawberry commercial cultivars, 4 of them resulting from the UNIVPM breeding program, were evaluated for their sensorial and nutritional qualities, in particular soluble solids and total acidity. Regarding the nutritional qualities, the content of total phenolics, flavonoids, anthocyanins, vitamin C and folates were evaluated. The antioxidant capacity was also measured, through 3 different methodologies. After the evaluation of the 5 different cultivars, Alba was chosen for its nutritional value and was used for the second part of PhD course. In this second part, the anticancer activity of methanolic and anthocyanin purified extracts from Alba cultivar on two murine cancer cell lines, N202/1A (with high levels of HER2/neu oncogene) and N202/1E (with low levels of HER2/neu oncogene) were evaluated after 48 and 72 h of treatment. In particular, the viability, apoptosis and intracellular ROS rates were assessed. The cell damage was also estimated through the evaluation of the mitochondrial functionality (respiratory and glycolitic assay) and the oxidative status (measurement of SOD and CAT activity). Finally, Western Blot assays were performed to analyze the expression of several proteins related to apoptosis, autophagy, metastasis, oxidative status, mitochondrial functionality, oncogene expression and AMPK pathway. On this regard, cells were also treated with Compound C, an AMPK inhibitor, and the effects of this compound on cell viability, apoptosis and AMPK expression were assessed, in order to compare them with the results obtained after the strawberry treatment. This study demonstrated that a well characterized strawberry possessed an antiproliferative effect on cancer cells, through the induction of apoptosis and oxidative stress. At the same time, this study is one of the first that have tried to in deep a candidate pathway for the explanation of the strawberry effects on cancer cells, and as a results a relation between the AMPK pathway and the anticancer effects of strawberries was demonstrated.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14242/117416
URN:NBN:IT:UNIVPM-117416