This research work studied the possible use of forest biomass obtained from Dichrostachys cinerea, species considered at present as invasive in the island of Cuba given their wide dissemination. In order to contribute a major knowledge to use as source of renewable energy focused mainly at thermal decomposition processes. The chemical-physical characterization of the material was performed to establish suitability criteria for thermal decomposition processes. It was also analyzed the devolatilization by thermogravimetric analysis and determination of main parameters: temperature and conversion rates. The data obtained from thermogravimetric experiments at different heat rates in dynamic conditions under oxidant and inert atmosphere, was conducted a simultaneous kinetic study of the pyrolysis and combustion processes. Based on a mechanism of three and four parallel reactions respectively. The kinetic model proposed achieves a good correlation between the experimental and calculated curves for both processes, with an error of less than 5%. Several experiments were performed in a torrefaction reactor based on a semi-factorial design 22. The independent variables studied were temperature and torrefaction time. As response variable the percent of solid obtained was analyzed. The results showed that temperature has an effect four times greater than time. The torrefied material has better quality for used as fuels than the biomass without heat pretreatment. With the available data was conducted simulation of a hypothetical plant to generate electricity which would generate electricity for a power of 19 MW, through the use of D. cinerea and torrefaction material as fuel. It was found that the pretreated material has higher energy and environmental advantages than the unmodified material.
Il presente lavoro di ricerca esamina la possibilità di utilizzo energetico della biomassa forestale, ottenuta da Dichrostachys cinerea specie attualmente considerata infestante nell’isola di Cuba, e vuole contribuire ad una maggiore conoscenza delle caratteristiche delle biomasse di origine forestale come fonte di energia rinnovabile, in processi di termodecomposizione. Inizialmente, lo studio ha previsto la determinazione delle principali caratteristiche fisico-chimiche per l’utilizzo energetico di D. cinerea in modo da valutarne l’idoneità a processi di decomposizione termica. Inoltre, è stata studiata la cinetica di devolatilizzazione del materiale attraverso un’analisi termogravimetrica e sono stati determinati i principali parametri, cioè temperature e velocità di conversione. Dai dati ottenuti da analisi termogravimetriche dinamiche, a diverse velocità di riscaldamento, in atmosfera ossidante (ossigeno) ed inerte (azoto), è stato fatto uno studio cinetico ed una modellazione simultanea per i processi di pirolisi e combustione, basato su un meccanismo rispettivamente, a tre e quattro reazioni parallele. Il modello cinetico proposto è in grado di prevedere le curve di decomposizione per entrambi processi con un errore inferiore al 5%. Numerosi esperimenti di torrefazione sono stati eseguiti in un reattore semi-continuo seguendo un disegno fattoriale 22. Le variabili indipendenti studiate sono state temperatura e tempo, mentre come variabile di risposta è stata misurata la percentuale di solido ottenuto. I risultati hanno mostrato che la temperatura ha un effetto quattro volte maggiore del tempo di torrefazione. Infine è stato possibile verificare che il materiale torrefatto ottenuto presenta migliori caratteristiche come combustibile in confronto alla biomassa di partenza. Con i dati a disposizione è stata fatta una simulazione di un ipotetico impianto per generare energia elettrica della potenza di 19 MW, utilizzando come combustibile D. cinera in forma di biomassa o come materiale torrefatto. Il materiale sottoposto a trattamento termico ha mostrato maggiori benefici energetici e ambientali.
Utilizzo energetico della biomassa ligno-cellulosica ottenuta da Dichrostachys cinerea in processi di termodecomposizione
Reinier, Abreu Naranjo
2012
Abstract
This research work studied the possible use of forest biomass obtained from Dichrostachys cinerea, species considered at present as invasive in the island of Cuba given their wide dissemination. In order to contribute a major knowledge to use as source of renewable energy focused mainly at thermal decomposition processes. The chemical-physical characterization of the material was performed to establish suitability criteria for thermal decomposition processes. It was also analyzed the devolatilization by thermogravimetric analysis and determination of main parameters: temperature and conversion rates. The data obtained from thermogravimetric experiments at different heat rates in dynamic conditions under oxidant and inert atmosphere, was conducted a simultaneous kinetic study of the pyrolysis and combustion processes. Based on a mechanism of three and four parallel reactions respectively. The kinetic model proposed achieves a good correlation between the experimental and calculated curves for both processes, with an error of less than 5%. Several experiments were performed in a torrefaction reactor based on a semi-factorial design 22. The independent variables studied were temperature and torrefaction time. As response variable the percent of solid obtained was analyzed. The results showed that temperature has an effect four times greater than time. The torrefied material has better quality for used as fuels than the biomass without heat pretreatment. With the available data was conducted simulation of a hypothetical plant to generate electricity which would generate electricity for a power of 19 MW, through the use of D. cinerea and torrefaction material as fuel. It was found that the pretreated material has higher energy and environmental advantages than the unmodified material.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
---|---|---|---|
Tesi.Naranjo.pdf
accesso solo da BNCF e BNCR
Dimensione
2.7 MB
Formato
Adobe PDF
|
2.7 MB | Adobe PDF |
I documenti in UNITESI sono protetti da copyright e tutti i diritti sono riservati, salvo diversa indicazione.
https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14242/121379
URN:NBN:IT:UNIVPM-121379