Detection, synchronization and localization algorithms for uwb systems

Ultra-wideband (uwb) is a rapidly emerging data transmission technology which is based on the spreading of the signal energy over a very wide frequency band, with a power spectral density comparable to that of background noise. These characteristics result in desirable properties including high data rate capability, potential for very fine time resolution and minimal interference to other radio systems. However, there are still challenges in making this technology live up to its full potential. In the first part of our thesis we focused on detection problems. In particular we concentrated on the design of coherent and non-coherent receivers, taking into account the trade-off between complexity and performance. Afterward we approached the timing synchronization issue for differential receiver. A blind algorithm has been derived whose implementation requires a limited amount of extra circuitry in addition to that needed for detection purposes. Finally, we explored the problem of localization that is one of the most promising applications for uwb technology. In particular we concentrated on positioning techniques based on measurements of time of arrival (toa) of ultra-short pulses and we proposed an energy-based algorithm which has been derived making use of least mean square techniques.