L’AUTOMAZIONE DELLA FABBRICA E DELLA PRODUZIONE NELLA PROSPETTIVA DI INDUSTRIA 4.0

ABSTRACT: The research carried out had as its theme the transformation of the traditional factory into an "Industry 4.0". The analysis began immediately, moving on two tracks: 1. an acknowledgment of the factory processes, which was possible to obtain thanks to the EUREKA doctorate within the company MarTech-Srl; 2. study of the techniques for digitizing these processes. As regards the first point, the need emerged to study the production of a product, a production unit or an entire factory, in a way that was unitary. A constancy was perceived in the multiplicity of ways in which we proceeded in the design of products, even very different from each other. This need was satisfied by finding System Engineering in the literature. A common vocabulary had been found that allowed, even a non-expert, to have a "cognitive" map of manufacturing processes. At the same time, the activities of the second point were carried out in parallel. Each phase of traditional production has studied its digitized counterpart to the point that it was realized that it would be possible to propose this as a definition of Digital Twin. The study of the factory, its processes and their digitization represented above all a methodological challenge: which approach to use to embrace so many themes at the same time? Themes having different stages, different points of view, at different levels of abstraction! The choice went to System Thinking. SysML was used as a system modeling language. However, this aspect too has been declined in an original way, giving order to the different schemes that populate this language. The System Thinking, combined with the study of the artifact and its philosophy, have led to a taxonomy of systems that has made it possible to make sense of the current definitions of Cyber Physical Systems (CPS).