La pluralità del paesaggio come risorsa strategica. Una proposta metodologica per l'integrazione dei valori e dei servizi del paesaggio nei processi di pianificazione territoriale in Emilia-Romagna

The concept of landscape has historically an ambiguous and transdisciplinary character. While at the theoretical level, the many interpretations have contributed to defining the wide semantic scope of landscape, in planning practices it is often the subject of sectoral and uncoordinated approaches. The environmental and climatic changes that characterize our time have however led to a deeper consideration of the importance of landscape, as a tangible manifestation of the human-ecosystem relationship. In this framework, the research intends to demonstrate how the landscape, alluding to different temporal dimensions and referring to subjective, identity-related and emotional ties, can be a catalyst lever able to mobilize people and to translate multiple instances into integrated actions. Taking a transdisciplinary and pragmatic perspective, the thesis aims to contribute to the integration of ecological-environmental and semiotic-cultural approaches, defining a methodology and some tools to support policy-makers and designers for the effective integration of the plural value of landscape in local and regional planning. To this end, the thesis presents a reflection on the historical evolution of the concept and its contemporary declinations, an analysis of the Italian and European regulatory context and a survey of tools for landscape evaluation. On these bases, the thesis comes to define a methodological proposal for landscape analysis, planning, and management. Finally, the proposed approaches and methods are declined in relation to the regulatory context of the Emilia-Romagna region, defining measures for the most effective integration of landscape values into the governance system, to strengthen its strategic role as a provider of services and cultural values and as a promoter of a sustainable, inclusive and place-based regional regeneration.