Design, synthesis and characterization of suitable nitrones for several synthetic applications

The present work takes advance of nitrone chemistry flexibility in order to synthesize, on one hand, bisphosphonates containing N,O-carbocyclic nucleoside units with potential biological activity, starting from nitrones with functionalizable ester or methylen bisphosphonated groups. On the other hand, to synthesize suitable allyl cyclic nitrones undergoing 2-aza-Cope rearrangement in order to study the [3,3]-sigmatropic process that has been rarely detected until now with neutral molecules which are nitrones. The synthetic strategy that we used for the bisphosphonates compound involves the synthesis of suitable nitrones and subsequently 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition reaction between these substrates and various vinyl nucleobases that carries at formation of isoxazolidinyl nucleosides. We decided to synthesize them for their significant pharmacological properties that make them very appealing: they showed a considerable cytotoxic activity against several human cell lines and therefore they could be successfully employed as anticancer drugs. Furthermore, bisphosphonates can be considered as stable analogs of pyrophosphate, that is implied in the physiological regulation of bone calcification and resorption. Moreover, during the staying at the University of Zaragoza in Spain, a synthesis of suitable cyclic allyl nitrones was carried out. In general aza-Cope rearrangements have attracted great interest because of the ubiquitous presence of nitrogen-containing structures in natural and biological products as well as synthetic intermediates. These compounds give rise to 2-aza-Cope rearrangement and we reported a full experimental study based on NMR kinetic experiments of the activation energies required for both neutral and catalyzed 2-aza- Cope rearrangements of nitrones