POTERE E CONTROPOTERI Gli argini giuridici al potere maggioritario nella dinamica della forma di governo in Italia e in Francia

This PhD dissertation consists in a comparative study of veto players (or counter-powers) that, according to Italian and French Constitution, aim and affect the legislative activity of the executive power and of its majority in the Parliament, i.e. laws and decrees-law. They are summarily: the referendum, the opposition parties, the head of the State, the Conseil d’Etat and the constitutional justice. The research, after the initial chapter regarding an innovative classification of veto powers which describes them with a dogmatic approach, explores in depth the existing relations among veto players and their interactions with Power. The methodology is based on an empirical and systematic analysis of some classic case-studies.