The present work aims to provide an accurate description of Metal-Organic Frameworks (MOFs), which were subjected to chemical treatments after their synthesis. Such post-synthetic modifications (PSM) are, in the described cases, necessary for the attainment of the final materials, which cannot be obtained by direct synthesis. The research focused on a particular MOF, namely IRMOF-9, whose structure consists in a network of Zn4O oxo-clusters connected by biphenyl-4,4’-dicarboxylate linkers, characterised by the presence of accessible nanometer-sized cavities. This MOF has been subjected to two different PSMs, a Zn-to-Co complete cation exchange, and the synthesis of titanium oxo-aggregates inside the MOF cavities. In each case, the transformation proceeded from single crystal to single crystal, although introducing peculiar types of defects in the solid phase. A careful determination of the average structure by Single Crystal X-Ray Diffraction, together with the qualitative evaluation of the total scattered intensities provided precious information regarding the final material structural features. Moreover, this information afforded a rationale for the ongoing PSM mechanisms and unveiled crucial details on the MOF chemical and structural behaviour.
Il presente lavoro di tesi mira ad una descrizione accurata di Metal-Organic framework (MOF) sottoposti a trattamenti chimici dopo la loro sintesi. Questi trattamenti post sintetici (TPS) sono, nei casi descritti, necessari al fine di ottenere i materiali finali, la cui sintesi diretta non è praticabile. La ricerca condotta si è concentrata su un MOF in particolare conosciuto come IRMOF-9, la cui struttura consiste in una rete di osso-cluster Zn4O connessi tramite leganti bifenil-4,4’-dicarbossilato, caratterizzata dalla presenza di cavità di dimensioni nanometriche. Questo MOF è stato sottoposto a due diversi TPS, uno scambio cationico completo zinco-cobalto e la sintesi di osso-aggregati di titanio all’interno delle cavità del MOF. In entrambe i casi, la trasformazione è avvenuta da cristallo singolo a cristallo singolo, introducendo tuttavia particolari tipi di difetti nella fase solida. Un’attenta caratterizzazione della struttura media tramite diffrazione di raggi X su cristallo singolo e la valutazione qualitativa dell’intensità diffratta totale hanno fornito informazioni preziose circa le caratteristiche strutturali del materiale finale. Inoltre, queste informazioni hanno permesso di razionalizzare i meccanismi dei TPS rivelando dettagli cruciali sul comportamento chimico e strutturale del MOF.
Crystal structure and defectiveness in modified Metal-Organic Frameworks
2018
Abstract
The present work aims to provide an accurate description of Metal-Organic Frameworks (MOFs), which were subjected to chemical treatments after their synthesis. Such post-synthetic modifications (PSM) are, in the described cases, necessary for the attainment of the final materials, which cannot be obtained by direct synthesis. The research focused on a particular MOF, namely IRMOF-9, whose structure consists in a network of Zn4O oxo-clusters connected by biphenyl-4,4’-dicarboxylate linkers, characterised by the presence of accessible nanometer-sized cavities. This MOF has been subjected to two different PSMs, a Zn-to-Co complete cation exchange, and the synthesis of titanium oxo-aggregates inside the MOF cavities. In each case, the transformation proceeded from single crystal to single crystal, although introducing peculiar types of defects in the solid phase. A careful determination of the average structure by Single Crystal X-Ray Diffraction, together with the qualitative evaluation of the total scattered intensities provided precious information regarding the final material structural features. Moreover, this information afforded a rationale for the ongoing PSM mechanisms and unveiled crucial details on the MOF chemical and structural behaviour.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14242/149798
URN:NBN:IT:UNIPR-149798