Bisphenol A induces gene expression changes an proliferative effects through GPER in breast cancer celles and cancer-associated fibroblasts

Bisphenol A (BPA) is the principal constituent of baby bottles, reusable water bottles, metal cans, and plastic food containers. BPA exerts estrogen-like activity by interacting with the classical estrogen receptors (ER and ER ) and through the G protein-coupled receptor (GPR30/GPER). In this regard, recent studies have shown that GPER was involved in the proliferative effects induced by BPA in both normal and tumor cells. In this study we evaluated the transduction pathways through which BPA influences cell proliferation and migration in human breast cancer cells and cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs), that lack the classical ERs. Specific pharmacological inhibitors and gene-silencing procedures showed that BPA induces the expression of the GPER target genes c􀌻FOS, EGR􀌻1, and CTGF through the GPER/EGFR/ERK transduction signaling in SKBR3 breast cancer cells and CAFs. Moreover, we observed that GPER is required for growth effects and migration stimulated by BPA in both cell types. Our results indicate that GPER is involved in the biological action elicited by BPA in breast cancer cells and CAFs. Hence, GPER-mediated signaling should be included among the transduction mechanisms through which BPA may stimulate cancer progression