In the frame of the GRACE BBI project, the present work studies the feasibility of hemp cultivation on marginal lands, characterised by intrinsic bio-physical constraints. After a chapter introducing hemp, this work investigates the scientific literature to determine the effects of diverse bio-physical constraints on hemp yield and biomass quality, showing that hemp can be particularly susceptible to soil quality (low depth, extreme soil textures), whereas it can be cultivated on contaminated soils, under arid climate or in mountain environment. The next two chapters aimed at characterizing the genetic variability of European hemp germplasm for osmotic and heavy metals (copper and zinc) stress tolerance, under controlled environment. The existence of a large variability of osmotic stress tolerance was evidenced across 26 hemp genotypes, while the variability f tolerance to copper and zinc remained non statistically significant. Interestingly, the two yellow varieties of the germplasm, characterised in literature as displaying a high efficiency of fibre decortication rendering them interesting for cultivation on marginal lands, displayed characteristics of tolerance for each of the studied bio-physical constraints. Consequently, the last chapter studies, at agronomical and eco-physiological levels, the yield and the fibre decortication efficiency of a yellow variety in comparison with a conventional green variety, and showed that under nitrogen limiting conditions, the yellow variety produces slightly but significantly less biomass, while the fibre decortication efficiency and yield were significantly higher, rendering this variety interesting in the frame of a hemp cultivation on marginal lands.
Nell’ambito del progetto GRACE BBI, questo lavoro si propone di studiare la fattibilità della coltivazione della canapa su terreni marginali caratterizzati da fattori biofisici limitanti intrinseci. Dopo un capitolo introduttivo della canapa, questo lavoro studia la letteratura scientifica per determinare gli effetti di diversi fattori biofisici sulla resa e la qualità del materiale della canapa, e dimostra che la canapa può essere particolarmente suscettibile alla qualità del terreno (scarsa profondità, estreme tessiture del suolo) poiché potrebbe essere coltivata su suoli contaminati, sotto clima arido o in ambito montuoso. Nei due capitoli seguenti è stata caraterizzata sperimentalmente la variabilità genetica del germoplasma Europeo riguardo la tolleranza allo stress osmotico ed agli stress indotti da metalli pesanti (rame, zinco) in ambito controllato. È stata evidenziata l’esistenza di una larga variabilità di tolleranza allo stress osmotico fra 26 genotipi, mentre la variabilità di tolleranza ai metalli pesanti è rimasta non statisticamente significativa. In modo interessante, le due varietà gialle del germoplasma, caratterizzate in letteratura per avere un’alta efficienza di decorticazione della fibra e conseguentemente essendo di interesse per la coltivazione su terreni marginali, manifestano caratteristiche di tolleranza per ciascun fattore studiato. Conseguentemente, l’ultimo capitolo studia ai livelli agronomico ed ecofisiologico la resa e l’efficienza di decorticazione di fibra di una varietà gialla in confronto ad una varietà verde di riferimento, e dimostra che in condizioni limitanti di concimazione azotata, la varietà gialla mostra una resa di biomassa leggermente ma significativamente minore, mentre la resa di fibra e l’efficienza di decorticazione rimane significativamente più alta, rendendo questa varietà interessante nell’ottica di una coltivazione su terreni marginali.
CHARACTERIZING THE GENETIC RESOURCES OF EUROPEAN INDUSTRIAL HEMP (CANNABIS SATIVA L.) FOR CULTIVATION ON MARGINAL LANDS
Blandinieres, Henri Paul Yves Andre'
2022
Abstract
In the frame of the GRACE BBI project, the present work studies the feasibility of hemp cultivation on marginal lands, characterised by intrinsic bio-physical constraints. After a chapter introducing hemp, this work investigates the scientific literature to determine the effects of diverse bio-physical constraints on hemp yield and biomass quality, showing that hemp can be particularly susceptible to soil quality (low depth, extreme soil textures), whereas it can be cultivated on contaminated soils, under arid climate or in mountain environment. The next two chapters aimed at characterizing the genetic variability of European hemp germplasm for osmotic and heavy metals (copper and zinc) stress tolerance, under controlled environment. The existence of a large variability of osmotic stress tolerance was evidenced across 26 hemp genotypes, while the variability f tolerance to copper and zinc remained non statistically significant. Interestingly, the two yellow varieties of the germplasm, characterised in literature as displaying a high efficiency of fibre decortication rendering them interesting for cultivation on marginal lands, displayed characteristics of tolerance for each of the studied bio-physical constraints. Consequently, the last chapter studies, at agronomical and eco-physiological levels, the yield and the fibre decortication efficiency of a yellow variety in comparison with a conventional green variety, and showed that under nitrogen limiting conditions, the yellow variety produces slightly but significantly less biomass, while the fibre decortication efficiency and yield were significantly higher, rendering this variety interesting in the frame of a hemp cultivation on marginal lands.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14242/159081
URN:NBN:IT:UNICATT-159081