The theme of "poor" self-employment, which must be framed within the more general phenomenon of "in-work poverty", occupies a significant central position in the public and scientific debate today. In the common imagination having a job is, for this reason alone, a guarantee of a life far from economic need. Indeed, "poverty and social exclusion have generally been associated with long-term unemployment”. But in more recent times, perhaps due to an economic crisis with almost endemic characteristics, poverty "despite work" has experienced a significant diffusion, causing, even in the world of self-employment, a progressive decline in income levels and a strong polarization among a small circle of workers with fair contractual conditions and conversely, a large group of workers unable to ensure fair compensation. In-work poverty represents a complex phenomenon that is conceptually different from low-wage work, with the consequence that it requires a multidimensional approach, not limited to the protection of a decent remuneration for the activity carried out. However, it is also true that earning decent wages helps to avoid falling into conditions of poverty despite working. According to some of the doctrine, a rethinking of the system of protections aimed at rebalancing the negotiating power of the parties within the contract would also be necessary for the self-employed worker, since «the distortions of the market and the absence of rules governing competition among the workers themselves are the main causes of the phenomenon of so-called in-work poverty".
Il tema del lavoro autonomo “povero”, che va inquadrato all’interno del più generale fenomeno dell’“in-work poverty”, occupa oggi rilevante centralità nel dibattito pubblico e scientifico. Nonostante nell’immaginario comune avere un lavoro sia, per ciò solo, garanzia di vita dignitosa e lontana dal bisogno economico – tanto che «povertà ed esclusione sociale sono state di regola associate alla disoccupazione di lunga durata» – in tempi più recenti, forse a causa di una crisi economica dai caratteri quasi endemici, la povertà “nonostante il lavoro” ha conosciuto una rilevante diffusione, provocando, anche nel mondo del lavoro autonomo, un progressivo scadimento dei livelli reddituali e una forte polarizzazione tra una ristretta cerchia di lavoratori capaci imporsi alla controparte contrattuale, in questo modo risultando “autosufficienti” e, per converso, una estesa platea di prestatori di lavoro non in grado di assicurare per sé assetti contrattuali equi. La povertà lavorativa rappresenta un fenomeno complesso e concettualmente diverso dal lavoro a basso salario, con la conseguenza che necessita di un approccio multidimensionale, non limitato alla tutela di una remunerazione dignitosa per l’attività svolta. Ad avviso di una parte della dottrina anche per il lavoratore autonomo si imporrebbe quindi un ripensamento del sistema di tutele, volto a riequilibrare la forza negoziale delle parti all’interno del contratto, poiché «le distorsioni del mercato e l’assenza di regole che disciplinino la concorrenza tra gli stessi lavoratori sono le principali concause del fenomeno della c.d. in-work poverty».
Il lavoro autonomo "povero": ambiti e strumenti di tutela
FERRO, ANNA
2024
Abstract
The theme of "poor" self-employment, which must be framed within the more general phenomenon of "in-work poverty", occupies a significant central position in the public and scientific debate today. In the common imagination having a job is, for this reason alone, a guarantee of a life far from economic need. Indeed, "poverty and social exclusion have generally been associated with long-term unemployment”. But in more recent times, perhaps due to an economic crisis with almost endemic characteristics, poverty "despite work" has experienced a significant diffusion, causing, even in the world of self-employment, a progressive decline in income levels and a strong polarization among a small circle of workers with fair contractual conditions and conversely, a large group of workers unable to ensure fair compensation. In-work poverty represents a complex phenomenon that is conceptually different from low-wage work, with the consequence that it requires a multidimensional approach, not limited to the protection of a decent remuneration for the activity carried out. However, it is also true that earning decent wages helps to avoid falling into conditions of poverty despite working. According to some of the doctrine, a rethinking of the system of protections aimed at rebalancing the negotiating power of the parties within the contract would also be necessary for the self-employed worker, since «the distortions of the market and the absence of rules governing competition among the workers themselves are the main causes of the phenomenon of so-called in-work poverty".File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14242/165695
URN:NBN:IT:UNICT-165695