The study presents a comprehensive evaluation of mitochondrial dynamics, with a focus on fission, fusion, and mitophagy during Nerve Growth Factor (NGF)-induced neuronal differentiation and NGF deprivation as well as the effect of NGF in terms of activated signaling and metabolic reprogramming. Firstly, by employing a hybrid experimental-computational approach, this research explores the changes in mitochondrial morphology and function in PC12(615) cells during NGF differentiation, highlighting the crucial involvement of NGF in maintaining mitochondrial health inducing fragmentation and mitophagy. Furthermore, we show the effect of NGF in terms of metabolism finding a metabolic reprogramming with a preferred use of the TCA cycle and oxidative phosphorylation to sustain the differentiation process. Finally, we developed a computational model to predict the effects of NGF withdrawal, specifically the resulting impairment in mitophagy, fission, and mitochondrial activity, as well as the increase of ROS. The model predictions are experimentally validated, supporting the alignment between in silico and observed results. These findings offer insights into the role of NGF on neuronal mitochondrial dynamics and functions how mitochondrial impairment produced by NGF-deprivation may contribute to the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer disease, where the NGF signaling is impaired.
Lo studio fornisce una valutazione approfondita della dinamica mitocondriale, concentrandosi su fissione, fusione e mitofagia durante la differenziazione neuronale indotta dal Nerve Growth Factor (NGF) e in condizioni di deprivazione da NGF, nonché sull’effetto del NGF in termini di attivazione del signaling intracellulare e riprogrammazione metabolica. Utilizzando un approccio ibrido sperimentale-computazionale, la ricerca esamina i cambiamenti nella morfologia e funzionalità dei mitocondri nella linea cellulare PC12 (615), evidenziando il ruolo chiave del NGF nel mantenimento della funzionalità mitocondriale tramite l’induzione di frammentazione mitocondriale e mitofagia. Inoltre, vengono evidenziati gli effetti dell’NGF in termini metabolici, dimostrando una riprogrammazione metabolica che favorisce il ciclo di Krebs e la fosforilazione ossidativa per sostenere il processo di differenziamento. Infine, abbiamo sviluppato un modello computazionale delle dinamiche mitocondriali per prevedere gli effetti della deprivazione da NGF, in particolare la diminuzione del processo mitofagico, della fissione e dell’attività mitocondriale, oltre a un forte aumento delle specie reattive dell’ossigeno (ROS). Le previsioni del modello sono state validate sperimentalmente, confermando la validità dei risultati computazionali. Questi risultati forniscono nuovi spunti su come il deterioramento mitocondriale possa contribuire alla patogenesi delle malattie neurodegenerative, come l’Alzheimer, in cui il segnale del NGF è compromesso.
Application of a hybrid experimental/computational Approach to the study of NGF differentiation and deprivation
GIOIA, CLAUDIO
2025
Abstract
The study presents a comprehensive evaluation of mitochondrial dynamics, with a focus on fission, fusion, and mitophagy during Nerve Growth Factor (NGF)-induced neuronal differentiation and NGF deprivation as well as the effect of NGF in terms of activated signaling and metabolic reprogramming. Firstly, by employing a hybrid experimental-computational approach, this research explores the changes in mitochondrial morphology and function in PC12(615) cells during NGF differentiation, highlighting the crucial involvement of NGF in maintaining mitochondrial health inducing fragmentation and mitophagy. Furthermore, we show the effect of NGF in terms of metabolism finding a metabolic reprogramming with a preferred use of the TCA cycle and oxidative phosphorylation to sustain the differentiation process. Finally, we developed a computational model to predict the effects of NGF withdrawal, specifically the resulting impairment in mitophagy, fission, and mitochondrial activity, as well as the increase of ROS. The model predictions are experimentally validated, supporting the alignment between in silico and observed results. These findings offer insights into the role of NGF on neuronal mitochondrial dynamics and functions how mitochondrial impairment produced by NGF-deprivation may contribute to the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer disease, where the NGF signaling is impaired.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14242/190755
URN:NBN:IT:UNIMIB-190755