This PhD project aims at the development of smart electrochemical biosensors for Point-of-Care Testing. For all the devices, screen-printed electrodes functionalised with nanomaterials (gold nanoparticles, carbon nanotubes) were used as a platform and signal generation was provided by enzymatic reaction. In particular, smart immunosensors for COVID-19 diagnosis and for the assessment of immunity were developed. In the first case, the presence of Spike protein in nasopharyngeal swabs was tested, while immune response after vaccination or SARS-CoV-2 infection was tested with immunoassays to detect the presence of antibodies in serum samples. In this project, moreover, a highly sensitive magneto-genosensing assay based on PNA probes was developed to detect the presence of KRAS gene related mutation in liquid biopsy. For all the developed biosensors, the signal readout was performed using a smart, portable, battery-powered potentiostat based on a Wi-Fi protocol connected to a cloud that allows data acquisition, storage and sharing, making these devices consistent with the concept of Point-of-Care testing, as they can be brought to test patients in non-hospital settings. Finally, during a research period spent at Catalan Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (ICN2,Bellaterra, Barcelona, ES), the design of micropore nanoelectrodes to detect different-size molecules in blood samples was studied evaluating different parameters related to the fabrication of the devices.
Lo sviluppo di biosensori elettrochimici smart per Point-of-Care testing è stato lo scopo principale di questo percorso di dottorato. Per tutti i dispositivi, sono stati utilizzati elettrodi screen-printed funzionalizzati con nanomateriali (nanoparticelle d’oro, nanotubi di carbonio) come piattaforma ed il segnale è stato generato da reazioni enzimatiche. In particolare, sono stati sviluppati immunosensori per la diagnosi di COVID-19 e per valutarne la risposta immunitaria. Nel primo caso, è stata testata la presenza di proteina Spike in tamponi rinofaringei, mentre la risposta immunitaria dopo la vaccinazione o l’infezione da SARS-CoV-2 è stata valutata con immunosaggi per rilevare la presenza di anticorpi nei campioni di siero. In questo progetto, inoltre, è stato messo a punto un genosaggio basato su microparticelle magnetiche e sonde PNA per rilevare la presenza di mutazioni correlate al gene KRAS nella biopsia liquida. Per tutti i biosensori sviluppati, la lettura del segnale è stata eseguita utilizzando un potenziostato smart, portatile, alimentato a batteria basato su un protocollo Wi-Fi e collegato a un cloud che consente l’acquisizione, la memorizzazione e la condivisione dei dati, che rendono questi dispositivi coerenti con il concetto di Point-of-Care testing, in quanto possono essere eseguiti al di fuori dell’ambiente ospedaliero in base alle necessità dei pazienti. Infine, nell’Istituto Catalano di Nanoscienze e Nanotecnologie (ICN2, Bellaterra, Barcellona, ES), è stato sviluppato un progetto riguardante la preparazione di nanoelettrodi con micropori per rilevare molecole di diverse dimensioni in campioni di sangue valutando diversi parametri relativi alla preparazione dei dispositivi.
Smart electrochemical biosensors for Point-of-Care testing
Chiara, Giliberti
2024
Abstract
This PhD project aims at the development of smart electrochemical biosensors for Point-of-Care Testing. For all the devices, screen-printed electrodes functionalised with nanomaterials (gold nanoparticles, carbon nanotubes) were used as a platform and signal generation was provided by enzymatic reaction. In particular, smart immunosensors for COVID-19 diagnosis and for the assessment of immunity were developed. In the first case, the presence of Spike protein in nasopharyngeal swabs was tested, while immune response after vaccination or SARS-CoV-2 infection was tested with immunoassays to detect the presence of antibodies in serum samples. In this project, moreover, a highly sensitive magneto-genosensing assay based on PNA probes was developed to detect the presence of KRAS gene related mutation in liquid biopsy. For all the developed biosensors, the signal readout was performed using a smart, portable, battery-powered potentiostat based on a Wi-Fi protocol connected to a cloud that allows data acquisition, storage and sharing, making these devices consistent with the concept of Point-of-Care testing, as they can be brought to test patients in non-hospital settings. Finally, during a research period spent at Catalan Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (ICN2,Bellaterra, Barcelona, ES), the design of micropore nanoelectrodes to detect different-size molecules in blood samples was studied evaluating different parameters related to the fabrication of the devices.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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Thesis_Giliberti_Chiara_PhD_signed.pdf
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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14242/192925
URN:NBN:IT:UNIPR-192925