In Italy, sexuality education in schools is not mandatory, and young people have access to sexual knowledge mainly through the Internet or informal educational settings, for example the peer group or the family. In this ethnographic research, carried out in Rome, I focused on sexuality education during adolescence with the aim of looking at the processes through which young people and adults acquire, transmit, and negotiate sexual knowledge across many different educational relationships. I examined the different contexts to which adolescents are exposed to as they grow up such as their family, school, media, and their peers, with particular attention to offline social interactions. My multifaceted positioning as researcher, queer transfeminist activist, and sexuality educator has resulted in the use of different methods of collecting ethnographic material, including in-depth interviews, autoethnography and participant observation. I analysed the relationship between sexuality, gender, and age in the socialization processes of adolescents from an intersectional perspective. Adolescence emerged as being a normative category and phase of life where specific narratives of naturalization and normalization of sexuality are put in place, both on the topic of bodies and in terms of sexual practices. The research involved both adolescents and adults in order to understand the generational continuities and discontinuities regarding the values and meanings which are negotiated within the various educational relationships. Furthermore the analysis includes two sexuality education workshops in schools that saw me take on the role of educator and allowed me to think critically about what is considered legitimate knowledge or not in this field, and to problematize some of the discursive categories that are used in classrooms. The work of deconstructing and problematizing the dominant sexual categories has therefore led to questioning the cisheteronormative and adult-centric norms within which sexual knowledge is produced and transmitted. Looking at the different educational relationships, through listening to the adolescents who were interviewed, has revealed a plurality of practices of transmission and acquisition of knowledge, which is evidence of the centrality of experience in these processes. Without neglecting the disciplinary and normalizing aspects of educational methods, the research clearly shows that educational interventions which promote pleasure and a conscious sexual life are fundamental for the self-determination of young people and for the recognition of their own sexual agency. In the interviews the adolescents underline the importance of carrying out educational programs on sexuality in the official school curriculum and of working towards increasing the number of spaces for intergenerational dialogue, starting from a critical rethinking of relationships between young people and adults, and what sexual knowledge we should pass on.
In Italia, l’educazione alla sessualità nelle scuole non è obbligatoria e le persone giovani hanno accesso al sapere sessuale principalmente attraverso internet o contesti educativi informali, come ad esempio il gruppo di pari o la famiglia. In questa ricerca etnografica, svolta a Roma, ho posto l’attenzione sull’educazione alla sessualità durante l’adolescenza con l’obiettivo di indagare i processi di trasmissione, acquisizione e negoziazione del sapere sessuale nelle molteplici relazioni educative vissute dallɜ ragazzɜ. Ho preso in considerazione i principali contesti formativi che accompagnano lɜ giovani durante la crescita, come la famiglia, la scuola, i media e il gruppo dellɜ pari, con particolare attenzione alla socialità offline. Il mio posizionamento multiplo come ricercatrice, attivista transfemminista queer e educatrice sessuale si è tradotto nell’utilizzo di diversi metodi di raccolta del materiale etnografico, tra cui le interviste in profondità, l’autoetnografia e l’osservazione partecipante. Da una prospettiva intersezionale ho indagato, in particolare, il rapporto tra sessualità, genere ed età nei processi di socializzazione dellɜ adolescenti. L’adolescenza è emersa essere una categoria normativa e fase della vita dove intervengono precisi discorsi di naturalizzazione e normalizzazione della sessualità, tanto dei corpi quanto delle pratiche sessuali. Nell’indagine sono state coinvolte persone adolescenti e adulte per cogliere continuità e discontinuità generazionali circa i valori e i significati della sessualità negoziati nei diversi rapporti educativi. Sono, inoltre, rientrati nell’analisi due laboratori di educazione sessuale, dove ero coinvolta come educatrice, che mi hanno permesso di riflettere criticamente su ciò che viene considerato sapere legittimo o meno in questo campo e problematizzare alcune delle categorie discorsive utilizzate in aula. Il lavoro di decostruzione e problematizzazione delle categorie sessuali dominanti ha portato dunque a mettere in discussione le norme ciseteronormative e adultocentriche entro cui si produce e trasmette il sapere sessuale. Lo sguardo alle diverse relazioni educative, attraverso le voci delle persone adolescenti intervistate, ha restituito una pluralità di pratiche di trasmissione e acquisizione del sapere, recuperandone il carattere esperienziale come elemento centrale. Senza trascurarne gli aspetti disciplinari e normalizzatori, gli interventi educativi che promuovono una sessualità piacevole e consapevole sono emersi essere fondamentali per l’autodeterminazione dellɜ giovani e per il riconoscimento della propria agency sessuale. L’ascolto delle persone adolescenti ha permesso infatti di riscontrate l’importanza di svolgere un percorso educativo alla sessualità e affettività nel curriculum scolastico ufficiale e auspicare la moltiplicazione di spazi di confronto intergenerazionali, a partire da un ripensamento critico delle relazioni giovani-adultɜ e del sapere sessuale da trasmettere.
Sessualità in trasformazione. Relazioni educative e accesso al sapere sessuale durante l’ adolescenza
MANFRONI, ALICE
2025
Abstract
In Italy, sexuality education in schools is not mandatory, and young people have access to sexual knowledge mainly through the Internet or informal educational settings, for example the peer group or the family. In this ethnographic research, carried out in Rome, I focused on sexuality education during adolescence with the aim of looking at the processes through which young people and adults acquire, transmit, and negotiate sexual knowledge across many different educational relationships. I examined the different contexts to which adolescents are exposed to as they grow up such as their family, school, media, and their peers, with particular attention to offline social interactions. My multifaceted positioning as researcher, queer transfeminist activist, and sexuality educator has resulted in the use of different methods of collecting ethnographic material, including in-depth interviews, autoethnography and participant observation. I analysed the relationship between sexuality, gender, and age in the socialization processes of adolescents from an intersectional perspective. Adolescence emerged as being a normative category and phase of life where specific narratives of naturalization and normalization of sexuality are put in place, both on the topic of bodies and in terms of sexual practices. The research involved both adolescents and adults in order to understand the generational continuities and discontinuities regarding the values and meanings which are negotiated within the various educational relationships. Furthermore the analysis includes two sexuality education workshops in schools that saw me take on the role of educator and allowed me to think critically about what is considered legitimate knowledge or not in this field, and to problematize some of the discursive categories that are used in classrooms. The work of deconstructing and problematizing the dominant sexual categories has therefore led to questioning the cisheteronormative and adult-centric norms within which sexual knowledge is produced and transmitted. Looking at the different educational relationships, through listening to the adolescents who were interviewed, has revealed a plurality of practices of transmission and acquisition of knowledge, which is evidence of the centrality of experience in these processes. Without neglecting the disciplinary and normalizing aspects of educational methods, the research clearly shows that educational interventions which promote pleasure and a conscious sexual life are fundamental for the self-determination of young people and for the recognition of their own sexual agency. In the interviews the adolescents underline the importance of carrying out educational programs on sexuality in the official school curriculum and of working towards increasing the number of spaces for intergenerational dialogue, starting from a critical rethinking of relationships between young people and adults, and what sexual knowledge we should pass on.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14242/193037
URN:NBN:IT:UNIMIB-193037