Stress analysis and buckling stability of imperfect pressure vessel heads with geometric variations

This study provided a comprehensive analysis of geometry, imperfections, and material distribution affecting the structural performance of HDPE pressure vessels. The findings contribute valuable insights for designing more resilient and efficient pressure tanks, bridging the gap between theoretical models and practical engineering applications. This work emphasizes the importance of geometric optimization, advanced stress analysis, and targeted reinforcement in advancing the reliability of HDPE pressure tanks in real-world scenarios.