TGF?1 has been largely recognized as an active player in Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis (IPF). We hypothesized that a long-lasting over-activation of TGF?1 pathway may drive lung fibrosis in mice. In the present study, we used lentiviruses (LVV) as vectors to express TGF?1 into lungs of male C57BL/6 mice, since we intended to investigate the effects of TGF?1 stably expressed in lung parenchyma. We validated LVV in vitro by generating stable transduced murine cell lines capable of secreting TGF?1 in the culture medium and verifying its potential in inducing transition of murine epithelial cells and fibroblasts towards a fibrotic phenotype. Then, two LVV were created: one expressing TGF?1 and Luciferase as gene reporter, and a mock/control vector only expressing the reporter gene. After delivery into mice lungs, from day 7 to 42, each mouse was followed weekly by using bioluminescence imaging and micro-CT imaging. Bioluminescence confirmed the integration of the constructs into lungs and a stable and constant expression of Luciferase. However, although LVV were found active in in vitro assays, inducing cellular changes towards fibrotic phenotype of epithelial and fibroblast cells, in vivo they did not induce relevant alteration of parenchymal architecture, as evidenced by micro-CT imaging. Although these results were corroborated by ex vivo histology, which did not detect neither thickening of alveolar septs nor the presence of fibroblast foci, as typical fibrosis alterations, an important interstitial inflammatory infiltrate was observed in lung sections up to 42 days, mainly composed of macrophages. It suggested a potential macrophage activation induced by LVV administration which will be further investigated in dedicated experiments.
Il TGF?1 è un fattore di crescita coinvolto nella patogenesi della Fibrosi Polmonare Idiopatica (IPF). E’ stato ipotizzato che la persistente attivazione del pathway del TGF?1 potrebbe guidare lo sviluppo della fibrosi polmonare anche nel topo come modello animale. In questo studio sono stati utilizzati dei lentivirus come vettori per veicolare l’espressione del TGF?1 nei polmoni di topi maschi C57BL/6, siccome lo scopo è investigare gli effetti del TGF?1 stabilmente espresso nel parenchima polmonare. I lentivirus utilizzati sono stati inizialmente validati in vitro, generando delle linee cellulari murine stabilmente trasdotte per secernere il TGF?1 nel mezzo di coltura e verificando che questo, una volta rilasciato, fosse anche in grado di indurre cellule epiteliali e fibroblasti murine verso un fenotipo fibrotico, evento anche noto come transizione epitelio- o fibroblastico-mesenchimale. Successivamente, sono stati generati due lentivirus per l’applicazione in vivo: uno che esprime sia il TGF?1 che la Luciferasi come gene reporter e un vettore di controllo che esprime solo la Luciferasi. Dopo la somministrazione dei lentivirus direttamente nel polmone, dal giorno 7 al giorno 42 ogni topo è stato seguito nel tempo tramite tecniche non invasive come la bioluminescenza e la micro-CT. La bioluminescenza ha confermato l’integrazione del costrutto nel polmone e la stabile e costante espressione della Luciferasi. Tuttavia, sebbene i lentivirus siano stati validati in vitro in quanto in grado di esprimere il TGF?1 attivo, in vivo questi non hanno indotto alterazioni rilevanti dell’architettura polmonare, come evidenziato dalle immagini CT. Anche le analisi istologiche ex vivo hanno confermato la mancanza delle tipiche alterazioni fibrotiche, quali l’ispessimento dei setti e la presenza di foci fibroblastici; tuttavia, è stato evidenziato un consistente infiltrato infiammatorio per la maggior parte composto da macrofagi che potrebbe suggerire un ruolo potenziale dei lentivirus nell’attivazione di questo specifico tipo cellulare.
Development of a new TGF?1-mediated pulmonary fibrosis model
Erica, Ferrini
2022
Abstract
TGF?1 has been largely recognized as an active player in Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis (IPF). We hypothesized that a long-lasting over-activation of TGF?1 pathway may drive lung fibrosis in mice. In the present study, we used lentiviruses (LVV) as vectors to express TGF?1 into lungs of male C57BL/6 mice, since we intended to investigate the effects of TGF?1 stably expressed in lung parenchyma. We validated LVV in vitro by generating stable transduced murine cell lines capable of secreting TGF?1 in the culture medium and verifying its potential in inducing transition of murine epithelial cells and fibroblasts towards a fibrotic phenotype. Then, two LVV were created: one expressing TGF?1 and Luciferase as gene reporter, and a mock/control vector only expressing the reporter gene. After delivery into mice lungs, from day 7 to 42, each mouse was followed weekly by using bioluminescence imaging and micro-CT imaging. Bioluminescence confirmed the integration of the constructs into lungs and a stable and constant expression of Luciferase. However, although LVV were found active in in vitro assays, inducing cellular changes towards fibrotic phenotype of epithelial and fibroblast cells, in vivo they did not induce relevant alteration of parenchymal architecture, as evidenced by micro-CT imaging. Although these results were corroborated by ex vivo histology, which did not detect neither thickening of alveolar septs nor the presence of fibroblast foci, as typical fibrosis alterations, an important interstitial inflammatory infiltrate was observed in lung sections up to 42 days, mainly composed of macrophages. It suggested a potential macrophage activation induced by LVV administration which will be further investigated in dedicated experiments.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14242/193262
URN:NBN:IT:UNIPR-193262