Regulating AI as a General Purpose Technology

The thesis examines the complex challenges of regulating Artificial Intelligence (AI) as a General Purpose Technology (GPT). AI's transformative potential across all economic sectors necessitates careful regulatory approaches to balance innovation with societal values and economic growth. The thesis provides a comprehensive analysis of the evolving international AI regulatory landscape, comparing divergent approaches in Europe, the United States, and China. It explores key themes such as data protection, privacy, bias mitigation, transparency, and accountability, while considering the role of international organizations in shaping global AI principles. The research delves into the economic and societal impacts of AI, including its influence on productivity, labor markets, and national security. It analyzes the effects of AI regulations on adoption rates and innovation. The thesis further investigates the future of AI regulation, addressing emerging trends and the need for adaptive governance frameworks. It concludes by offering policy recommendations to foster responsible AI development, promote international cooperation, and ensure that AI benefits are broadly distributed across societies while mitigating potential risks.