Nanomedicine, the application of nanotechnology to healthcare, holds immense potential for revolutionizing modern medicine by enabling unprecedented precision in diagnosing, monitoring, and treating diseases. Nanoparticles with unique properties such as high surface area-to-volume ratio, tunable surface chemistry, and molecular interaction are particularly well suited for medical applications. One of the most promising aspects of nanomedicine is its potential to enhance drug delivery, which can minimize side effects while enhancing therapeutic efficacy. Nanosensors and nanoparticle-based imaging agents have the potential to detect diseases at their early stages, enabling more timely and effective interventions. This Ph.D. thesis focused on the development of nanoparticle-based materials for biomedical applications, developed at the Institute of Science, Technology and Sustainability for Ceramic Materials (ISSMC), part of the National Research Council of Italy (CNR). The nanomaterials developed displayed a high degree of diversity in their chemical composition and physicochemical properties, yet all exhibit significant potential for both diagnostic and therapeutic applications. The primary objective of this study was to produce calcium phosphate nanoparticles and carbon-based nanoparticles, commonly referred to as "carbon dots," which were exploited as carriers for the delivery of therapeutic peptides and for bioimaging applications, respectively. The first part of this Ph.D. thesis, titled "Calcium Phosphate Nanoparticles," focuses on designing nanoparticles for two main applications: treating cardiovascular diseases and antimicrobial therapy. The second part, "Carbon Dots," focuses on the synthesis and characterization of carbon dots for use as luminescent probes in cellular imaging or as contrast agents in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). The research demonstrated the potential of the synthesized nanoparticles for both therapeutic and diagnostic applications, broadening the range of nanodevices in the biomedical fields.
La nanomedicina, ovvero l’applicazione delle nanotecnologie all’assistenza sanitaria, ha un potenziale immenso per rivoluzionare la medicina moderna, consentendo una precisione senza precedenti nella diagnosi, nel monitoraggio e nel trattamento delle malattie. Le nanoparticelle con proprietà uniche come l’elevato rapporto superficie/volume, la chimica di superficie sintonizzabile e l’interazione molecolare sono particolarmente adatte per le applicazioni mediche. Uno degli aspetti più promettenti della nanomedicina è il suo potenziale per migliorare la somministrazione di farmaci, che può ridurre al minimo gli effetti collaterali e aumentare l’efficacia terapeutica. I nano sensori e gli agenti di imaging basati su nanoparticelle hanno il potenziale per rilevare le malattie nelle loro fasi iniziali, consentendo interventi più tempestivi ed efficaci. Questa tesi di dottorato si è concentrata sullo sviluppo di materiali a base di nanoparticelle per applicazioni biomediche, sviluppati presso l’Istituto di Scienza, Tecnologia e Sostenibilità per i Materiali Ceramici (ISSMC), parte del Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR). I nanomateriali sviluppati presentano un elevato grado di diversità nella composizione chimica e nelle proprietà fisico-chimiche, ma tutti hanno un potenziale significativo per applicazioni diagnostiche e terapeutiche. L’obiettivo primario di questo studio è stato quello di produrre nanoparticelle di fosfato di calcio e nanoparticelle a base di carbonio, comunemente chiamate “carbon dots”, che sono state sfruttate come vettori per il rilascio di peptidi terapeutici e per applicazioni di bioimaging, rispettivamente. La prima parte di questa tesi di dottorato, intitolata “Nanoparticelle di fosfato di calcio”, si concentra sulla progettazione di nanoparticelle per due applicazioni principali: il trattamento di malattie cardiovascolari e la terapia antimicrobica. La seconda parte, “Carbon Dots”, si concentra sulla sintesi e sulla caratterizzazione di carbon dots da utilizzare come sonde luminescenti nell’imaging cellulare o come agenti di contrasto nella risonanza magnetica. La ricerca ha dimostrato il potenziale delle nanoparticelle sintetizzate per applicazioni terapeutiche e diagnostiche, ampliando la gamma di nanodispositivi in campo biomedico.
Development of nanoparticle-based materials for biomedical applications
Federica, Mancini
2025
Abstract
Nanomedicine, the application of nanotechnology to healthcare, holds immense potential for revolutionizing modern medicine by enabling unprecedented precision in diagnosing, monitoring, and treating diseases. Nanoparticles with unique properties such as high surface area-to-volume ratio, tunable surface chemistry, and molecular interaction are particularly well suited for medical applications. One of the most promising aspects of nanomedicine is its potential to enhance drug delivery, which can minimize side effects while enhancing therapeutic efficacy. Nanosensors and nanoparticle-based imaging agents have the potential to detect diseases at their early stages, enabling more timely and effective interventions. This Ph.D. thesis focused on the development of nanoparticle-based materials for biomedical applications, developed at the Institute of Science, Technology and Sustainability for Ceramic Materials (ISSMC), part of the National Research Council of Italy (CNR). The nanomaterials developed displayed a high degree of diversity in their chemical composition and physicochemical properties, yet all exhibit significant potential for both diagnostic and therapeutic applications. The primary objective of this study was to produce calcium phosphate nanoparticles and carbon-based nanoparticles, commonly referred to as "carbon dots," which were exploited as carriers for the delivery of therapeutic peptides and for bioimaging applications, respectively. The first part of this Ph.D. thesis, titled "Calcium Phosphate Nanoparticles," focuses on designing nanoparticles for two main applications: treating cardiovascular diseases and antimicrobial therapy. The second part, "Carbon Dots," focuses on the synthesis and characterization of carbon dots for use as luminescent probes in cellular imaging or as contrast agents in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). The research demonstrated the potential of the synthesized nanoparticles for both therapeutic and diagnostic applications, broadening the range of nanodevices in the biomedical fields.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14242/213205
URN:NBN:IT:UNIPR-213205