L'automazione nei trasporti marittimi: profili giuridici e futuro impiego delle navi senza equipaggio in campo commerciale e militare.

seguirà mail come da istruzioni e scadenze fornite dal dott. Zallu

During the last decade relevant studies and projects (AAWA, DNG, EU MUNIN, CMI Position Paper, etc.) have been conducted both in commercial and military fields; some States have already recognized the status of “ship” to Tugs and Ro-Ro Cargo Ships remotely controlled and an IMO Maritime Autonomous Surface Ships (MASS) Code is expected to be adopted during 2025. Furthermore, high performing Navies have developed and are already using Uncrewed Maritime Systems (UMS) for military operations. The strategic value of unmanned ships is that they will have no people on board and instead be remotely controlled or, in the near future and to a varying degree, be deployed independently of human interaction. It is however unclear whether the will meet the requirements and fit the existing categories set out in the United Nation Convention on the Law of the Sea and other relevant Conventions. The category of “ship” or “vessel” is critical for the distribution of rights and obligations in the aforementioned Conventions, and the second step is whether unmanned ships can be considered as “ships” and “warships” in accordance with UNCLOS. The focus on these categories in the Law of the Sea is necessary, since there is insufficient State practice and opinio juris to provide a basis for recognizing the rights of unmanned ships in customary international law. This dissertation aims to verify if ummanned ships will meet the requirements of ships and warships and consequently, if they can exploit the related rights