?Investigation of endotypes and phenotypes of Chronic Rhinosinusitis with Nasal Polyps: a step forward personalized medicine in chronic upper airways inflammatory diseases.

Chronic Rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP) is a common inflammatory disease affecting paranasal sinuses causing debilitating and persistant symptoms. Although not a life-threatening disease, it has a negative impact on numerous aspects of quality of life. CRSwNP represents one of the two classically described phenotypes of chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS). CRSwNP patients experience a greater severity of clinical disease when compared to patients with chronic rhinosinusitis without nasal polyps (CRSsNP). The improved understanding of the different pathophysiological mechanisms implied in CRS allowed the identification of disease variants as endotypes. The aims of our research project was to characterize the clinical aspects (phenotyping) and the biological background (endotyping) of patients with CRSwNP, by an accurate multidimensional and multidisciplinary assessment of CRSwNP, considering the nasal features as well as the respiratory and allergic profiles.