Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a progressive neurodegenerative disease that affects motor neurons in the brain and spinal cord. According to epidemiological studies, the incidence of ALS varies in different populations, but globally, it is estimated to be approximately 2-3 cases per 100,000 people per year. The project was born on commission from the G.D.P. Group that boasts numerous production lines, including a special line of products dedicated to subjects suffering from dysphagia: NURIMIL. Background: patients with ALS often experience progressive weight loss and malnutrition, which negatively affect both prognosis and quality of life. A direct association was found between weight loss and disease severity. The aim of the study is reducing the risk of malnutrition by providing dedicated ready meals for swallowing disorders in order reduce patient weight loss. Patients and methods: this is a prospective, single-center, randomized, sponsored study. We enrolled 10 patients that were randomly assigned to two arms (treatment group and control group). In treatment group the food plan was implemented with a Nurimil® meal replacement product (breakfast, lunch or dinner), personalized according to taste and balance of the day. The primary objective of the study is to evaluate the improvement in the nutritional status of patients undergoing nutritional dietary intervention using Nurimil® products compared to the control group. To compare the effect of the dietary treatment in the two groups, the values of phase angle (PhA), body mass index (BMI), score of the Italian adaptation of the ALSAQ-40 questionnaire, time elapsed between the onset of the disease and the start of enteral nutrition via PEG, time elapsed between the onset of the disease and the start of non-invasive ventilation (NIV). Between the two groups, 1 and 2 years after enrollment in the single patient study through the Wilcoxon-Mann-Whitney test. A p-value <0.05 will be considered significant. Results: we found no statistically significant difference because none of the patients enrolled so far have survived one year after enrollment. Only 4 out of 10 patients had the first check-up at 3 months, and only 2 patients had the subsequent check-up at 6 months. Conclusions: the project revealed some gaps which, on the one hand, did not allow us to obtain statistically valid data, on the other hand it allowed us to explore an approach that can improve the patient's pathological path, and provide the basis for improving future initiatives dedicated to this category. Keywords: ALS, nutrition, dysphagia, malnutrition
La sclerosi laterale amiotrofica (SLA) è una malattia neurodegenerativa progressiva che colpisce i motoneuroni nel cervello e nel midollo spinale. Secondo studi epidemiologici, l’incidenza della SLA varia nelle diverse popolazioni, ma a livello globale si stima che sia di circa 2-3 casi ogni 100.000 persone all’anno. Il progetto nasce su commissione della G.D.P. Gruppo che vanta numerose linee produttive, tra cui una speciale linea di prodotti dedicata ai soggetti affetti da disfagia: NURIMIL. Background: i pazienti affetti da SLA spesso sperimentano una progressiva perdita di peso e malnutrizione, che influiscono negativamente sia sulla prognosi che sulla qualità della vita. È stata trovata un’associazione diretta tra perdita di peso e gravità della malattia. Lo scopo dello studio è ridurre il rischio di malnutrizione fornendo pasti pronti dedicati ai disturbi della deglutizione al fine di ridurre la perdita di peso dei pazienti. Pazienti e metodi: questo è uno studio prospettico, monocentrico, randomizzato e sponsorizzato. Abbiamo arruolato 10 pazienti assegnati in modo casuale a due bracci (gruppo di trattamento e gruppo di controllo). Nel gruppo di trattamento il piano alimentare è stato implementato con un prodotto sostitutivo del pasto Nurimil® (colazione, pranzo o cena), personalizzato in base al gusto e all'equilibrio della giornata. L'obiettivo primario dello studio è valutare il miglioramento dello stato nutrizionale dei pazienti sottoposti a intervento dietetico nutrizionale utilizzando i prodotti Nurimil® rispetto al gruppo di controllo. Per confrontare l'effetto del trattamento dietetico nei due gruppi, sono stati analizzati i valori di angolo di fase (PhA), indice di massa corporea (BMI), punteggio dell'adattamento italiano del questionario ALSAQ-40, tempo trascorso tra l'insorgenza della malattia e l'inizio della nutrizione enterale tramite PEG, tempo trascorso tra l'esordio della malattia e l'inizio della ventilazione non invasiva (NIV). Tra i due gruppi, 1 e 2 anni dopo l'arruolamento nello studio su singolo paziente tramite il test di Wilcoxon-Mann-Whitney. Un valore p <0,05 sarà considerato significativo. Risultati: non abbiamo riscontrato differenze statisticamente significative perché nessuno dei pazienti arruolati finora è sopravvissuto ad un anno dopo l'arruolamento. Solo 4 pazienti su 10 hanno effettuato il primo controllo a 3 mesi e solo 2 pazienti hanno effettuato il controllo successivo a 6 mesi. Conclusioni: il progetto ha evidenziato alcune lacune che, da un lato, non hanno permesso di ottenere dati statisticamente validi, dall'altro hanno permesso di esplorare un approccio in grado di migliorare il percorso patologico del paziente, e fornire le basi per migliorare futuri iniziative dedicate a questa categoria. Parole chiave: SLA, nutrizione, disfagia, malnutrizione
“ALS, malnutrition and dysphagia: use of food preparations for dysphagics and impact on nutritional status and quality of life”
VALDEMARIN, FRANCESCA
2025
Abstract
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a progressive neurodegenerative disease that affects motor neurons in the brain and spinal cord. According to epidemiological studies, the incidence of ALS varies in different populations, but globally, it is estimated to be approximately 2-3 cases per 100,000 people per year. The project was born on commission from the G.D.P. Group that boasts numerous production lines, including a special line of products dedicated to subjects suffering from dysphagia: NURIMIL. Background: patients with ALS often experience progressive weight loss and malnutrition, which negatively affect both prognosis and quality of life. A direct association was found between weight loss and disease severity. The aim of the study is reducing the risk of malnutrition by providing dedicated ready meals for swallowing disorders in order reduce patient weight loss. Patients and methods: this is a prospective, single-center, randomized, sponsored study. We enrolled 10 patients that were randomly assigned to two arms (treatment group and control group). In treatment group the food plan was implemented with a Nurimil® meal replacement product (breakfast, lunch or dinner), personalized according to taste and balance of the day. The primary objective of the study is to evaluate the improvement in the nutritional status of patients undergoing nutritional dietary intervention using Nurimil® products compared to the control group. To compare the effect of the dietary treatment in the two groups, the values of phase angle (PhA), body mass index (BMI), score of the Italian adaptation of the ALSAQ-40 questionnaire, time elapsed between the onset of the disease and the start of enteral nutrition via PEG, time elapsed between the onset of the disease and the start of non-invasive ventilation (NIV). Between the two groups, 1 and 2 years after enrollment in the single patient study through the Wilcoxon-Mann-Whitney test. A p-value <0.05 will be considered significant. Results: we found no statistically significant difference because none of the patients enrolled so far have survived one year after enrollment. Only 4 out of 10 patients had the first check-up at 3 months, and only 2 patients had the subsequent check-up at 6 months. Conclusions: the project revealed some gaps which, on the one hand, did not allow us to obtain statistically valid data, on the other hand it allowed us to explore an approach that can improve the patient's pathological path, and provide the basis for improving future initiatives dedicated to this category. Keywords: ALS, nutrition, dysphagia, malnutritionFile | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14242/217538
URN:NBN:IT:UNIUD-217538