This thesis examines the actions of asylum seekers within the European asylum system, focusing on how individuals navigate, contest, and reshape spaces of exclusion through everyday practices and collective mobilisations. Through a multi-sited ethnography conducted in Italy and Germany, it explores two contrasting reception regimes: the hotspot and secondary reception system in Sicily, and the federal reception apparatus of Baden-Württemberg. Despite their different historical and socio-economic contexts, both regions illustrate how logistics, security, and labour extraction underpin contemporary migration governance. Rather than framing asylum seekers as passive victims of an overpowering system, the thesis centres their agency, analysing how they adapt to, resist, and transform the reception infrastructures in which they are placed. Drawing on theoretical debates from Camp Studies, the Autonomy of Migration, Citizenship Studies, and Social Movement Theory, it conceptualises asylum seekers as campizens—actors who, through visible and invisible practices, reshape the camp from within, blurring the line between spaces of exclusion and spaces of political life. The research reveals that while the logistics of asylum seek to manage migrants as flows to be contained, asylum seekers actively reappropriate and contest these spaces through both everyday infrapolitics and organised collective action. In Sicily, the reappropriation of camp space, exemplified by the self-organised market and informal transport systems in the CARA of Mineo, shows how excluded populations create new social and economic forms within conditions of isolation and neglect. In Baden-Württemberg, despite a more bureaucratically controlled reception model, similar dynamics of everyday contestation emerge, illustrating the tension between security protocols and migrant agency. At the same time, the thesis highlights the limits and fragilities of resistance: the spatial isolation, legal precariousness, and the increasing securitisation of camps severely constrain possibilities for sustained mobilisations. Nonetheless, episodes of protest demonstrate that contention remains possible, especially when asylum seekers can leverage political opportunities or connect with broader activist networks. Ultimately, the thesis argues that asylum seekers’ actions challenge the dominant representations of camps as spaces of pure victimhood or total control. Instead, these sites emerge as arenas of negotiation, struggle, and social reconfiguration. By situating migrant agency at the centre of its analysis, the thesis contributes to rethinking political subjectivity under conditions of enforced precarity and advances a nuanced understanding of the dynamic interplay between exclusion and resistance within Europe’s migration regime.
Questa tesi analizza le azioni dei richiedenti asilo all’interno del sistema europeo, focalizzandosi su come essi attraversano, contestano e trasformano gli spazi di esclusione attraverso pratiche quotidiane e mobilitazioni collettive. Attraverso un’etnografia multi-situata condotta in Sicilia e nel Baden-Württemberg, vengono messi a confronto due modelli di accoglienza: il sistema hotspot e di seconda accoglienza italiano e l’apparato federale tedesco. Pur in contesti diversi, entrambi mostrano come logistica, sicurezza e sfruttamento del lavoro siano elementi centrali della governance migratoria contemporanea.La tesi rifiuta l’idea del richiedente asilo come vittima passiva, mettendo invece in luce la sua capacità di agire, adattarsi, resistere e trasformare le infrastrutture di accoglienza. Ispirandosi agli studi sui campi, sull’autonomia delle migrazioni, sulla cittadinanza e sui movimenti sociali, introduce la figura del campizen: un soggetto che, attraverso pratiche visibili e invisibili, modifica il campo dall’interno, confondendo i confini tra esclusione e vita politica.La ricerca mostra come i dispositivi dell’asilo tendano a gestire i migranti come flussi da contenere, ma anche come i richiedenti sappiano riappropriarsi degli spazi attraverso pratiche informali e atti di resistenza. In Sicilia, il mercato autogestito e i trasporti informali nel CARA di Mineo rivelano la capacità di creare nuove forme sociali ed economiche in contesti di marginalità. In Germania, pur con un sistema più regolato, emergono simili dinamiche quotidiane di contestazione, che mettono in discussione i dispositivi di sicurezza.La tesi evidenzia anche i limiti della resistenza: isolamento geografico, precarietà legale e crescente securitizzazione riducono le possibilità di mobilitazione. Tuttavia, episodi di protesta dimostrano che la contestazione resta possibile, soprattutto quando i richiedenti riescono a connettersi con reti solidali o sfruttare aperture politiche.In conclusione, la tesi sfida le narrazioni dominanti che vedono i campi solo come luoghi di vittimizzazione o controllo totale, proponendoli invece come spazi di negoziazione, conflitto e trasformazione. Ponendo l’agenzia migrante al centro dell’analisi, contribuisce a ripensare la soggettività politica in condizioni di precarietà forzata, offrendo uno sguardo più complesso sul rapporto tra esclusione e resistenza nel sistema migratorio europeo.
Spaces of Exclusion, Arenas of Struggle: The Politics of Asylum Between Spatial Control and Protest
PLATANIA, Giuseppe
2025
Abstract
This thesis examines the actions of asylum seekers within the European asylum system, focusing on how individuals navigate, contest, and reshape spaces of exclusion through everyday practices and collective mobilisations. Through a multi-sited ethnography conducted in Italy and Germany, it explores two contrasting reception regimes: the hotspot and secondary reception system in Sicily, and the federal reception apparatus of Baden-Württemberg. Despite their different historical and socio-economic contexts, both regions illustrate how logistics, security, and labour extraction underpin contemporary migration governance. Rather than framing asylum seekers as passive victims of an overpowering system, the thesis centres their agency, analysing how they adapt to, resist, and transform the reception infrastructures in which they are placed. Drawing on theoretical debates from Camp Studies, the Autonomy of Migration, Citizenship Studies, and Social Movement Theory, it conceptualises asylum seekers as campizens—actors who, through visible and invisible practices, reshape the camp from within, blurring the line between spaces of exclusion and spaces of political life. The research reveals that while the logistics of asylum seek to manage migrants as flows to be contained, asylum seekers actively reappropriate and contest these spaces through both everyday infrapolitics and organised collective action. In Sicily, the reappropriation of camp space, exemplified by the self-organised market and informal transport systems in the CARA of Mineo, shows how excluded populations create new social and economic forms within conditions of isolation and neglect. In Baden-Württemberg, despite a more bureaucratically controlled reception model, similar dynamics of everyday contestation emerge, illustrating the tension between security protocols and migrant agency. At the same time, the thesis highlights the limits and fragilities of resistance: the spatial isolation, legal precariousness, and the increasing securitisation of camps severely constrain possibilities for sustained mobilisations. Nonetheless, episodes of protest demonstrate that contention remains possible, especially when asylum seekers can leverage political opportunities or connect with broader activist networks. Ultimately, the thesis argues that asylum seekers’ actions challenge the dominant representations of camps as spaces of pure victimhood or total control. Instead, these sites emerge as arenas of negotiation, struggle, and social reconfiguration. By situating migrant agency at the centre of its analysis, the thesis contributes to rethinking political subjectivity under conditions of enforced precarity and advances a nuanced understanding of the dynamic interplay between exclusion and resistance within Europe’s migration regime.| File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14242/306775
URN:NBN:IT:SNS-306775