Time in Nicolai Hartmann's philosophy

The present work is divided into two parts. The first (only in Italian) is an analysis of some texts about time in Nicolai Hartmann's works, and especially in Mà¶glichkeit und Wirklichkeit (1938) and Philosophie der Natur (1950). The second part is a theoretical discussion of one of the main problems concerning time in the contemporary philosophy (and in the philosophy of physics in particular), i.e., the problem of the unreality of time. Some recent theses will be compared and analyzed in the light of Hartmann's critical ontology. The scope of Part II is to evaluate whether and how Hartmannian arguments and theses may have a role in the present debate. In order to introduce those positions, Part I is not thought to be an exhaustive dissertation about time in Hartmann's philosophy, but only an attempt to interpret some aspects of his view about this issue in the wider contest of his analysis of the Realsein. Thus, ch. 1 treats the basic notion of "category" in Hartmann's critical ontology and in particular in the third volume of his tetralogy, Der Aufbau der realen Welt (1940). There is also a brief account of his position about realism. Ch. 2 faces the relation between time and reality, which is defined in a double manner, namely, as the sphere of the individual being and as the kingdom of becoming. The latter definition depends on Hartmann's modal analysis (in Mà¶glichkeit und Wirklichkeit) and derives from the connection of modality with temporality. Ch. 3 consists in an exposition of the main theses about the Realzeit (real time), exposed in Philosophie der Natur. In ch. 4 I try to make a brief survey of some important problems in the contemporary philosophy of time. In ch. 5 I discuss the problem of the "disappearance of spacetime", emerged in the current debate around the theoretical results of the quantum gravity research program. I present, moreover, the objections that Hartmann would have raised against that thesis. In ch. 6, finally, I try to do the same with the socalled "problem of frozen time" in quantum gravity and general relativity.