Processi di rivitalizzazione e riqualificazione urbana:dalla pianificazione del recupero all'attuazione degli interventi

In the last twenty years, the decentralization and the reconversion of the productive system, with the decline of some industrial sectors have caused the “emptyng” and the decay of vast urban areas. The abandoned industrial areaa represent important factors of the economical development for size, for ambiental and physical propieties and for location (often in central and important position for the organization of the city). Today, the reclamation of these areas is an opportunity not only to use again parts of the city with no current fuction and significance, but also to restructure, redefine and redraw the whole urban system. Starting from these suppositions, the paper represents the first phase of a research which points out coordinated set of actions, tools and rules redefined on the opportunity that the reclamation and reuse of the abandoned areas give whether for the trasformation at local level, or for the identification of a new formal identity at urban level, whether for the construction of a functional role at international level. The paper consists of four parts which contains the results of this first phase. The first part is a synthesis of the debate on disuse phenomenon with reference to the concept of «abandoned areas», the causes of this phenomenon, and the strategies and intervention policies proposed; the second part confronts the recent urban programs oriented towards the reclamation of the abandoned areas and points out their relations with the town planning; the third part presents some suggestions which can contribute to define coordinated set of actions, tools and rules, compatible with cultural, social, physical and economic context; and the fourth part proposes the reconversion of industrial areas of Bagnoli, such as significant experience of reclamation planning.