L'utililizzo delle ICT nel processo penale

This research is about within the judicial information technology a field that studies the information systems implemented in courts, in order to improve the efficiency of the service and to provide the mean for reducing the long duration of trials, ultimately the goal is to ensure the respect of rights granted to citizens and to increase the competitiveness of the Country. The specific subject of this research project is the use of ICT in the judicial process. It is an field less studied comparing it to the civil trial, but the crisis of efficiency of the process is just as much in this area. Looking at the criminal trial through the eyes of the designer of information systems, means to see an uninterrupted flow of information that includes bits of reality located both upstream and downstream of the process itself: before we find the police report of the crime, after the trial you still have to ensure the execution of the sentence. In this perspective it becomes clear the consequence of proper management of information: the quantity, accuracy, and speed of access to the same factors are vital to the criminal trial so that it becomes clear how the efficiency of information system and the quality of justice ensured the citizens are strongly interrelated. The research project aims to identify under which conditions this efficiency can be achieved effectively and, above all, to understand which technology choices that can preserve or even enhance, the principles and guarantees of the criminal process. In criminal trials, in fact, are involved fundamental rights such as liberty, dignity, privacy, rights that are protected by a wide range of procedural rights such as presumption of innocence, the right of defense, the right to reply, and ultimately by the purpose of rehabilitation of punishment.