Value Chain Governance Structures and Mechanisms of Geographical Indications (GIs) for Wines and Agri-Food Stuff: A Compariative Case Study

The study considered and analyzed the GIs' value chain governance structures and mechanisms for the particular wine and agri-food (fresh and processed) products in Italy (IT), United Kingdom/UK (England and Wales) and SA. A qualitative literature review was conducted to examine previous studies that could be relevant to the nature of this study in IT, UK and SA. This informed a qualitative investigation that used in-depth qualitative telephonic interviews, which were aimed at directors of GIs' consortia, associations, cooperatives and SMEs in IT and SA. Twelve (12) interviews with these key informants were recorded in IT, seven (7) and SA five (5), respectively with an aid of key interview guidelines. The results indicated that GIs were great sources of value creation and enhancement, which protected the product's quality and reputation. The results also showed that GIs could be useful marketing tools that could contribute positively towards rural economic development, and this could be viable through the effective value chain governance structures such as legal framework, not to mention effective supply chain management systems. Therefore, the implication was that SA should endorse its legal framework regarded GIs, and redefine and enhance its current Agricultural product standards. Thus, the study recommended that the creation of an effective business model, policies and legalities to suit the governance of GIs.