The research addresses the theoretical debate regarding the sociogenesis of climate change, identifying the interaction among economic processes and the socio-political framework as the primary cause of the environmental and climate crisis (Harvey, 2021; Padovan & Sannella, 2023). The structure-oriented sociological perspective (Dunlap et al., 1994; Crenshaw & Jenkins, 1996) emphasises how social structure and socio-structural processes are key determinants of accelerating anthropogenic climate change. Furthermore, it contends that a highly stratified social structure leads to climate vulnerabilities (Mearns & Norton, 2009; Beck, 2013) and health inequalities (Marmot, 2010; Sannella, 2019). The social dimension of climate change focused the analysis on public institutions, particularly governmental ones, which, according to the AGIL model (Parsons, 1949), represent the political subsystem. Based on the theoretical framework, the research question focused on the role of governmental institutions in addressing the social dimension of climate change. In reconstructing the role concept, the research integrated the structural-functionalist perspective with the interactionist approach. The latter emphasised the attributive aspect of the role, derived from social representation, through the sharing of a symbolic universe in the process of collective interaction (Mead, 1934). By merging the two perspectives, the role becomes adaptable to the social realities that define it (Macioti, 1992; Sannella, 2024). The circular view of the relationship between institutions and communities that co-construct the role, highlights the need to adopt a transdisciplinary approach (de Freitas, Nicolescu, Morin, 1994), which integrates disciplinary knowledge and recognises the involvement of civil society, institutions, and businesses as a crucial element of empirical research. The research design was developed using a sequential-exploratory mixed-methods approach (Creswell & Plano Clark, 2011) and was guided by three research dimensions: institutional, environmental, and social. The first phase of the research, conducted in the United Kingdom and Italy, aimed to reconstruct the legislative and institutional frameworks of the countries on climate change as a driver of the ongoing socio-ecological transition, with a focus on its implications for public health. In this step, we conducted background research using qualitative methodology. Eighteen interviews were conducted with privileged witnesses, 12 in the United Kingdom and 6 in Italy, who were identified among members of governmental institutions, NGOs, academics, and experts in both climate and health. After completing the interviews, we conducted a computer-assisted analysis using the NVivo software. It enabled us to identify some key concepts of the research dimensions, which have been operationalised into empirical variables, and to articulate the research question into three main hypotheses. The second research step involved a non-standard quantitative investigation examining the Italian representation of governmental climate action and testing the research hypothesis. To this end, we designed a structured web survey targeting the Italian population. The sampling was non-probabilistic, using snowball techniques. We administered a structured questionnaire between December 10, 2024, and March 10, 2025, via the web through email distribution and social media publication. The web survey was open-access, and the respondents were self-selected. After collecting the quantitative data, we analysed them through SPSS. This research will discuss the main findings of the quali-quantitative analysis, by connecting to the theoretical premise. The primary objective of this analysis is to determine whether the institutional commitment to climate action aligns with the demand for social protection from civil society, which is becoming increasingly vulnerable to the risks generated by contemporary.
La ricerca affronta la querelle teorica della sociogenesi del cambiamento climatico, che individua nell’interazione tra i processi economici e nella struttura socio-politica la causa principale della crisi ambientale e climatica (Harvey, 2021; Padovan & Sannella, 2023). La prospettiva sociologica structure-oriented (Dunlap et al., 1994; Crenshaw and Jenkins, 1996), ha permesso di evidenziare come la struttura sociale sia la determinante primaria dell’accelerazione del cambiamento climatico antropogenico. Inoltre, si è osservato come il processo di stratificazione sociale generi vulnerabilità climatiche (Mearns & Norton, 2009; Beck, 2013) e disuguaglianze di salute (Marmot, 2010; Sannella, 2019). La dimensione sociale del cambiamento climatico ha orientato l’analisi sul piano delle istituzioni pubbliche e in particolare su quelle governative che rappresentano il sottosistema politico (Parsons, 1949). Sulla base del quadro teorico, la domanda di ricerca ha focalizzato l’attenzione sul ruolo delle istituzioni governative rispetto alla dimensione sociale del cambiamento climatico. Nella ricostruzione del concetto di ruolo, la ricerca ha integrato la prospettiva struttural-funzionalista con l’interazionista. Ciò ha messo in luce l’aspetto attributivo del ruolo, derivato dalla rappresentazione sociale, mediante la condivisione di un universo simbolico nel processo d’interazione collettiva (Mead, 1934). Dall’integrazione delle due prospettive, il ruolo diviene quindi un concetto operazionalizzabile a seconda delle realtà sociali che lo rappresentano (Macioti 1992, Sannella 2024). La visione circolare del rapporto tra istituzioni e comunità ha determinato l'adozione di un approccio di ricerca transdisciplinare (de Freitas, Nicolescu, Morin, 1994), che collega le varie discipline e vede nel coinvolgimento di società civile, istituzioni e imprese, un elemento essenziale della ricerca empirica. Il disegno di ricerca è stato elaborato seguendo un’impostazione mixed-methods di tipo sequenziale-esplorativo (Creswell e Plano Clark, 2001) ed è stato orientato da tre dimensioni di analisi: istituzionale, ambientale e sociale. Nella I fase di ricerca qualitativa, condotta in UK e in Italia, si è tesi a ricostruire la cornice legislativo-istituzionale dei due paesi rispetto al tema ‘cambiamento climatico’, driver della transizione sociale in atto, con un focus sulle ricadute a carico della salute pubblica. Sono state condotte diciotto interviste a testimoni privilegiati, individuati tra componenti dell’istituzione governativa, ‘NGO, accademici ed esperti sia di clima che di salute. L’analisi delle interviste ci ha permesso di enucleare alcuni concetti chiave, che sono stati operazionalizzati in variabili empiriche, e di formulare le ipotesi di ricerca. Si è così proceduto al II step d’indagine quantitativa non standard, per esaminare la rappresentazione dei cittadini italiani rispetto all’azione climatica delle istituzioni governative e per verificare le ipotesi di ricerca. A questo fine, si è proceduto alla creazione di una web-survey strutturata indirizzata alla popolazione italiana. La tecnica di campionamento è di tipo non probabilistico, attraverso il metodo snowball. Il questionario è stato somministrato in forma open-access e anonima, tra Dicembre 2024 e Marzo 2025, via web, con l’invio di e-mail e e la diffusione sui social media. Dopo la raccolta dei dati, si è proceduto all’analisi attraverso il software SPSS. La ricerca discuterà i dati quali-quantitativi, alla luce del quadro teorico di riferimento. Lo scopo primario dell'analisi è quello di determinare se l’impegno climatico assunto dalle istituzioni governative risponda alla richiesta di protezione sociale da parte della società civile, sempre più esposta ai rischi della contemporaneità.
Affrontare la dimensione sociale del cambiamento climatico: un approccio transdisciplinare per le politiche pubbliche istituzionali
PASCUCCI, LICINIA
2025
Abstract
The research addresses the theoretical debate regarding the sociogenesis of climate change, identifying the interaction among economic processes and the socio-political framework as the primary cause of the environmental and climate crisis (Harvey, 2021; Padovan & Sannella, 2023). The structure-oriented sociological perspective (Dunlap et al., 1994; Crenshaw & Jenkins, 1996) emphasises how social structure and socio-structural processes are key determinants of accelerating anthropogenic climate change. Furthermore, it contends that a highly stratified social structure leads to climate vulnerabilities (Mearns & Norton, 2009; Beck, 2013) and health inequalities (Marmot, 2010; Sannella, 2019). The social dimension of climate change focused the analysis on public institutions, particularly governmental ones, which, according to the AGIL model (Parsons, 1949), represent the political subsystem. Based on the theoretical framework, the research question focused on the role of governmental institutions in addressing the social dimension of climate change. In reconstructing the role concept, the research integrated the structural-functionalist perspective with the interactionist approach. The latter emphasised the attributive aspect of the role, derived from social representation, through the sharing of a symbolic universe in the process of collective interaction (Mead, 1934). By merging the two perspectives, the role becomes adaptable to the social realities that define it (Macioti, 1992; Sannella, 2024). The circular view of the relationship between institutions and communities that co-construct the role, highlights the need to adopt a transdisciplinary approach (de Freitas, Nicolescu, Morin, 1994), which integrates disciplinary knowledge and recognises the involvement of civil society, institutions, and businesses as a crucial element of empirical research. The research design was developed using a sequential-exploratory mixed-methods approach (Creswell & Plano Clark, 2011) and was guided by three research dimensions: institutional, environmental, and social. The first phase of the research, conducted in the United Kingdom and Italy, aimed to reconstruct the legislative and institutional frameworks of the countries on climate change as a driver of the ongoing socio-ecological transition, with a focus on its implications for public health. In this step, we conducted background research using qualitative methodology. Eighteen interviews were conducted with privileged witnesses, 12 in the United Kingdom and 6 in Italy, who were identified among members of governmental institutions, NGOs, academics, and experts in both climate and health. After completing the interviews, we conducted a computer-assisted analysis using the NVivo software. It enabled us to identify some key concepts of the research dimensions, which have been operationalised into empirical variables, and to articulate the research question into three main hypotheses. The second research step involved a non-standard quantitative investigation examining the Italian representation of governmental climate action and testing the research hypothesis. To this end, we designed a structured web survey targeting the Italian population. The sampling was non-probabilistic, using snowball techniques. We administered a structured questionnaire between December 10, 2024, and March 10, 2025, via the web through email distribution and social media publication. The web survey was open-access, and the respondents were self-selected. After collecting the quantitative data, we analysed them through SPSS. This research will discuss the main findings of the quali-quantitative analysis, by connecting to the theoretical premise. The primary objective of this analysis is to determine whether the institutional commitment to climate action aligns with the demand for social protection from civil society, which is becoming increasingly vulnerable to the risks generated by contemporary.| File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14242/353846
URN:NBN:IT:IUSSPAVIA-353846