As the New Space Economy drives aerospace manufacturing beyond traditional paradigms, this thesis explores a transition toward Industry 5.0 by embedding human-centric design principles into advanced production systems. The research proposes a methodological framework integrating enabling technologies—Digital Twins, Augmented Reality, and adaptive human–machine collaboration frameworks—to create intelligent, empathic, and collaborative production systems that support human operators rather than replace them. Conceptually, the framework envisions production as a symbiosis between human expertise and digital tools, ensuring that automation amplifies human capabilities. Experimentally, the framework is validated through a Wizard-of-Oz study in a real manufacturing context, where various human–machine interaction scenarios (ranging from human execution with machine supervision to shared control and negotiation) are simulated. Objective performance measures (task completion time, error rates) along with cognitive load (NASA-TLX) and user perception metrics demonstrate how different role allocations impact productivity and operator well-being. Results indicate that assistive automation significantly reduces cognitive effort and errors for less-experienced operators, while experienced operators prefer supervisory modes that maintain autonomy and transparency. An industrial case study in a satellite Assembly, Integration, and Testing environment further identifies process inefficiencies and shows that human-centered digital interventions (like context-aware guidance and transparent automation) can improve coordination and decision-making while preserving human responsibility. These findings validate the proposed human-centered Industry 5.0 approach, offering a practical pathway to enhance both operational performance and operator experience. The thesis concludes that aligning advanced manufacturing technologies with human-centric principles enables aerospace production systems to achieve greater efficiency, resilience, and sustainability without dehumanization, exemplifying a balanced paradigm where human skill is augmented—not replaced—by intelligent automation.
Con l’affermarsi della New Space Economy, che spinge la manifattura aerospaziale oltre i paradigmi tradizionali, questa tesi esplora una transizione verso l’Industria 5.0 attraverso l’integrazione di principi di progettazione human-centered nei sistemi di produzione avanzati. La ricerca propone un framework metodologico che integra tecnologie abilitanti — Digital Twin, Realtà Aumentata e modelli adattivi di collaborazione uomo–macchina — per creare sistemi produttivi intelligenti, empatici e collaborativi, capaci di supportare gli operatori umani anziché sostituirli. Dal punto di vista concettuale, il framework interpreta la produzione come una simbiosi tra competenze umane e strumenti digitali, garantendo che l’automazione amplifichi le capacità dell’uomo. Dal punto di vista sperimentale, il framework viene validato attraverso uno studio di tipo Wizard-of-Oz in un contesto manifatturiero reale, nel quale vengono simulati diversi scenari di interazione uomo–macchina (che spaziano dall’esecuzione umana con supervisione della macchina, al controllo condiviso e alla negoziazione). Le misure oggettive di performance (tempo di completamento delle attività, tasso di errore), insieme a metriche di carico cognitivo (NASA-TLX) e di percezione dell’utente, mostrano come differenti allocazioni dei ruoli influenzino la produttività e il benessere degli operatori. I risultati indicano che l’automazione assistiva riduce significativamente lo sforzo cognitivo e gli errori per gli operatori meno esperti, mentre gli operatori esperti preferiscono modalità di supervisione che preservino autonomia e trasparenza. Un caso studio industriale in un contesto di Assembly, Integration and Testing (AIT) di satelliti consente inoltre di individuare inefficienze di processo e dimostra come interventi digitali human-centered (quali la guida contestuale e un’automazione trasparente) possano migliorare il coordinamento e il supporto al decision-making, preservando al contempo la responsabilità umana. Questi risultati validano l’approccio human-centered all’Industria 5.0 proposto, offrendo un percorso pratico per migliorare sia le prestazioni operative sia l’esperienza degli operatori. La tesi conclude che l’allineamento tra tecnologie manifatturiere avanzate e principi human-centered consente ai sistemi di produzione aerospaziale di raggiungere maggiore efficienza, resilienza e sostenibilità, senza processi di disumanizzazione, delineando un paradigma equilibrato in cui le competenze umane sono potenziate — e non sostituite — dall’automazione intelligente.
Human centered production systems for the new space economy
MONOPOLI, DOMENICO
2026
Abstract
As the New Space Economy drives aerospace manufacturing beyond traditional paradigms, this thesis explores a transition toward Industry 5.0 by embedding human-centric design principles into advanced production systems. The research proposes a methodological framework integrating enabling technologies—Digital Twins, Augmented Reality, and adaptive human–machine collaboration frameworks—to create intelligent, empathic, and collaborative production systems that support human operators rather than replace them. Conceptually, the framework envisions production as a symbiosis between human expertise and digital tools, ensuring that automation amplifies human capabilities. Experimentally, the framework is validated through a Wizard-of-Oz study in a real manufacturing context, where various human–machine interaction scenarios (ranging from human execution with machine supervision to shared control and negotiation) are simulated. Objective performance measures (task completion time, error rates) along with cognitive load (NASA-TLX) and user perception metrics demonstrate how different role allocations impact productivity and operator well-being. Results indicate that assistive automation significantly reduces cognitive effort and errors for less-experienced operators, while experienced operators prefer supervisory modes that maintain autonomy and transparency. An industrial case study in a satellite Assembly, Integration, and Testing environment further identifies process inefficiencies and shows that human-centered digital interventions (like context-aware guidance and transparent automation) can improve coordination and decision-making while preserving human responsibility. These findings validate the proposed human-centered Industry 5.0 approach, offering a practical pathway to enhance both operational performance and operator experience. The thesis concludes that aligning advanced manufacturing technologies with human-centric principles enables aerospace production systems to achieve greater efficiency, resilience, and sustainability without dehumanization, exemplifying a balanced paradigm where human skill is augmented—not replaced—by intelligent automation.| File | Dimensione | Formato | |
|---|---|---|---|
|
38 ciclo-MONOPOLI Domenico.pdf
accesso aperto
Licenza:
Tutti i diritti riservati
Dimensione
4.06 MB
Formato
Adobe PDF
|
4.06 MB | Adobe PDF | Visualizza/Apri |
I documenti in UNITESI sono protetti da copyright e tutti i diritti sono riservati, salvo diversa indicazione.
https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14242/354354
URN:NBN:IT:POLIBA-354354