The decarbonization of the transport sector stands as one of the most critical global challenges in the pursuit of climate neutrality and sustainable development. This doctoral thesis embraces a comprehensive and multidisciplinary perspective of electric mobility, focusing on the strategic design, deployment, and optimization of Electric Vehicle (EV) charging infrastructure. The work spans both developed and developing countries, addressing the pressing need to accelerate the electrification of transport in diverse socio-economic contexts. The research introduces a flexible and multidimensional methodological framework capable of adapting to various territorial configurations (urban and highway), service topologies (public and private), and existing infrastructural constraints. Key contributions include the analysis of the current EV landscape and Charging Stations (CSs) technologies, with a specific emphasis on Wireless Power Transfer (WPT) systems. The study integrates forecasting models for EV charging demand, optimization algorithms for station siting, renewable energy integration, and detailed simulation of both static and dynamic charging architectures. The thesis also presents innovative solutions that leverage data-driven modelling, physical implementations, and wireless system optimization to support policymakers, urban planners, and vehicle manufacturers. By introducing scalable strategies, the research provides critical insights into how EV infrastructure can evolve in a sustainable, efficient, and resilient manner. Furthermore, the work explores dynamic optimization of receiver coils and coil design to maximize the power transfer while minimizing cost and spatial constraints, which is crucial in high-density urban environments and high-speed highway applications. Through case studies and real model validations, this thesis demonstrates the potential of integrated planning and technological innovation to transform transport sector. Ultimately, the findings contribute to a future in which electric mobility plays a central role in achieving global carbon reduction targets, while ensuring equity, accessibility, and environmental responsibility.
La decarbonizzazione del settore dei trasporti rappresenta una delle sfide più importanti a livello globale per raggiungere gli obiettivi di neutralità climatica e di sviluppo sostenibile. Questo lavoro di tesi propone un approccio sistemico e multidisciplinare alla mobilità elettrica, focalizzandosi sulla pianificazione, distribuzione e ottimizzazione delle infrastrutture di ricarica per i Veicoli Elettrici (EVs), sia in contesti avanzati che in regioni in via di sviluppo. Il lavoro introduce un modello metodologico flessibile e multidimensionale, in grado di adattarsi a differenti configurazioni territoriali (urbane e autostradali), a varie tipologie di servizio (pubblico e privato) e a vincoli infrastrutturali preesistenti. Tra i principali contributi si annoverano l’analisi dello stato dell’arte degli EV e delle tecnologie di ricarica, con un focus sulle soluzioni di ricarica basate sul Wireless Power Transfer (WPT). Inoltre, sono stati sviluppati modelli previsionali per stimare la domanda di ricarica, algoritmi per il posizionamento ottimale delle Stazioni di Ricarica (CSs), strategie di integrazione con fonti rinnovabili, e simulazioni approfondite di sistemi di ricarica statici e dinamici. La tesi propone delle soluzioni innovative che combinano la modellazione basata sui dati, le implementazioni fisiche e l’ottimizzazione dei sistemi WPT, con l’obiettivo di supportare organi decisionali politici, pianificatori urbani e produttori di EV nella transizione verso la mobilità sostenibile. Tuttavia, è rivolta attenzione all’ottimizzazione dei sistemi di ricarica dinamica e alla costruzione delle bobine, al fine di massimizzare il trasferimento di potenza, riducendo costi ed ingombro. Questa combinazione rappresenta un aspetto cruciale sia in contesti urbani ad alta densità che in contesti autostradali. Attraverso casi studio e validazioni sperimentali, il lavoro mostra come la pianificazione integrata e l’innovazione tecnologica rappresentino un contributo concreto verso un futuro di mobilità elettrica, attore principale per il raggiungimento degli obiettivi globali di riduzioni delle emissioni.
Optimization algorithms for charging stations applied to transport sector
CRISTIAN GIOVANNI, COLOMBO
2025
Abstract
The decarbonization of the transport sector stands as one of the most critical global challenges in the pursuit of climate neutrality and sustainable development. This doctoral thesis embraces a comprehensive and multidisciplinary perspective of electric mobility, focusing on the strategic design, deployment, and optimization of Electric Vehicle (EV) charging infrastructure. The work spans both developed and developing countries, addressing the pressing need to accelerate the electrification of transport in diverse socio-economic contexts. The research introduces a flexible and multidimensional methodological framework capable of adapting to various territorial configurations (urban and highway), service topologies (public and private), and existing infrastructural constraints. Key contributions include the analysis of the current EV landscape and Charging Stations (CSs) technologies, with a specific emphasis on Wireless Power Transfer (WPT) systems. The study integrates forecasting models for EV charging demand, optimization algorithms for station siting, renewable energy integration, and detailed simulation of both static and dynamic charging architectures. The thesis also presents innovative solutions that leverage data-driven modelling, physical implementations, and wireless system optimization to support policymakers, urban planners, and vehicle manufacturers. By introducing scalable strategies, the research provides critical insights into how EV infrastructure can evolve in a sustainable, efficient, and resilient manner. Furthermore, the work explores dynamic optimization of receiver coils and coil design to maximize the power transfer while minimizing cost and spatial constraints, which is crucial in high-density urban environments and high-speed highway applications. Through case studies and real model validations, this thesis demonstrates the potential of integrated planning and technological innovation to transform transport sector. Ultimately, the findings contribute to a future in which electric mobility plays a central role in achieving global carbon reduction targets, while ensuring equity, accessibility, and environmental responsibility.| File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14242/356050
URN:NBN:IT:POLIMI-356050