Ongoing climate change represents a threat for forest ecosystems. With increasing of intensity and frequency of climatic stressors and environmental disturbances, forests become less resilient providing less ecosystem services. The concept of resilience is crucial in ecological research, as it provides insights into the dynamics and adaptive capacity of forest ecosystems in response to disturbances. Understanding forest ecosystem resilience is essential for developing and guiding effective climate-smart forestry strategies. This thesis aims to explore the applicability and versatility of resilience components (i.e., resistance, recovery and resilience) across diverse environmental settings and research goals, for underlining their importance in understanding ecosystem dynamics. To this purpose, three different application examples in different research contexts were shown. Firstly, the indices were applied in provenance trials of Pinus pinaster Aiton. in Sardinia (Italy). By quantifying the ability of different provenances to face drought stress, it was possible obtain evaluable information to support adaptation strategies, i.e. assisted migration. Secondly, the indices were applied in pure and mixed oak-fir forests (Quercus cerris L. and Abies alba Mill.) in the Apennine (Italy). It was explored the use of resilience components to assess the influence of tree species composition on drought and late frost responses, providing essential knowledge to identify the most beneficial tree species composition in terms of resilience. Lastly, it was explored the application of resilience components to investigate the vulnerability of Picea abies (L.) H. Karst. to bark beetle infestation in the Alps (Switzerland). The resilience components quantification helpful to identify vulnerable areas that require priority interventions to ensure the provisioning of ecosystem services. Through three distinct application examples, this thesis demonstrated that resilience components are essential tools for future forest ecological research and for supporting climate-smart forestry. This approach enhances our ability to assess ecosystem health, which is critical for guiding decision-making processes to address climate change impacts. The integration of these indices in future research will deepen our understanding of ecological dynamics, facilitating the development of effective strategies to create, restore, and maintain resilient forests.
Il cambiamento climatico in corso rappresenta una minaccia per gli ecosistemi forestali. Con l’aumento dell’intensità e della frequenza degli stress climatici e dei disturbi ambientali, le foreste sono diventate meno resilienti fornendo meno servizi ecosistemici. Il concetto di resilienza è fondamentale nella ricerca ecologica, in quanto fornisce indicazioni sulle dinamiche e sulla capacità di adattamento degli ecosistemi forestali in risposta ai disturbi. La comprensione della resilienza degli ecosistemi forestali è essenziale per sviluppare e guidare strategie forestali efficaci e climate-smart. Questa tesi mira ad esplorare l’applicabilità e la versatilità delle componenti di resilienza (cioè, resistenza, recupero e resilienza) in diversi contesti ambientali e con diversi obiettivi di ricerca, per sottolineare l’importanza nella comprensione delle dinamiche delle foreste. A tal fine, sono stati presentati tre diversi esempi di applicazione in differenti contesti di ricerca. In primo luogo, gli indici sono stati applicati in prove di provenienza di Pinus pinaster Aiton. in Sardegna (Italia). Quantificando la capacità di adattamento alla siccità delle diverse provenienze, è stato possibile ottenere informazioni valutabili per supportare strategie di adattamento, come la migrazione assistita. In secondo luogo, gli indici sono stati applicati a boschi puri e misti cerro-abete (Quercus cerris L. e Abies alba Mill.) nell'Appennino (Italia). È stato esplorato l'uso delle componenti di resilienza per valutare l'influenza della composizione delle specie arboree sulla risposta alla siccità e alle gelate tardive, fornendo conoscenze essenziali per identificare la composizione di specie arboree più vantaggiosa in termini di resilienza. Infine, è stata esplorata l'applicazione delle componenti di resilienza per indagare la vulnerabilità di Picea abies (L.) H. Karst. all'infestazione da bostrico nelle Alpi (Svizzera). La quantificazione delle componenti di resilienza è stata utile per identificare le aree vulnerabili che richiedono interventi prioritari per garantire la fornitura di servizi ecosistemici. Attraverso questi tre diversi esempi applicativi, questa tesi ha dimostrato che le componenti di resilienza sono uno strumento essenziale per la futura ricerca ecologica forestale e per sostenere una gestione forestale climate-smart. Questo approccio migliora la nostra capacità di valutare la salute dell'ecosistema, che è fondamentale per guidare i processi decisionali per affrontare gli impatti dei cambiamenti climatici. L'integrazione di questi indici nelle ricerche future approfondirà la nostra comprensione delle dinamiche ecologiche, facilitando lo sviluppo di strategie efficaci per creare, ripristinare e mantenere le foreste resilienti.
Exploring the versatility of resilience components: applications and insights in forest ecological research
LISELLA, CONCETTA
2025
Abstract
Ongoing climate change represents a threat for forest ecosystems. With increasing of intensity and frequency of climatic stressors and environmental disturbances, forests become less resilient providing less ecosystem services. The concept of resilience is crucial in ecological research, as it provides insights into the dynamics and adaptive capacity of forest ecosystems in response to disturbances. Understanding forest ecosystem resilience is essential for developing and guiding effective climate-smart forestry strategies. This thesis aims to explore the applicability and versatility of resilience components (i.e., resistance, recovery and resilience) across diverse environmental settings and research goals, for underlining their importance in understanding ecosystem dynamics. To this purpose, three different application examples in different research contexts were shown. Firstly, the indices were applied in provenance trials of Pinus pinaster Aiton. in Sardinia (Italy). By quantifying the ability of different provenances to face drought stress, it was possible obtain evaluable information to support adaptation strategies, i.e. assisted migration. Secondly, the indices were applied in pure and mixed oak-fir forests (Quercus cerris L. and Abies alba Mill.) in the Apennine (Italy). It was explored the use of resilience components to assess the influence of tree species composition on drought and late frost responses, providing essential knowledge to identify the most beneficial tree species composition in terms of resilience. Lastly, it was explored the application of resilience components to investigate the vulnerability of Picea abies (L.) H. Karst. to bark beetle infestation in the Alps (Switzerland). The resilience components quantification helpful to identify vulnerable areas that require priority interventions to ensure the provisioning of ecosystem services. Through three distinct application examples, this thesis demonstrated that resilience components are essential tools for future forest ecological research and for supporting climate-smart forestry. This approach enhances our ability to assess ecosystem health, which is critical for guiding decision-making processes to address climate change impacts. The integration of these indices in future research will deepen our understanding of ecological dynamics, facilitating the development of effective strategies to create, restore, and maintain resilient forests.| File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14242/356250
URN:NBN:IT:UNIMOL-356250