This thesis examines the nexus between climate variability, food security, and conflict through a multi-level analysis. Chapter 1 provides a systematic scoping review of the literature, showing that food scarcity and abundance are central mechanisms linking climate to conflict, with their effects mediated by factors such as poverty and state fragility. The review also highlights methodological weaknesses and model fallacies, underscoring the need for more rigorous empirical work. Chapters 2 and 3 focus on Ethiopia, a country highly exposed to climate variability due to its reliance on rainfed agriculture and affected by persistent instability. Chapter 2 combines household survey and high-resolution climate data to assess the impact of heat shocks on food insecurity. Results show that growing-season heat shocks significantly increase post-harvest food insecurity, with heterogeneous effects across households, especially those with non-working-age members. Chapter 3 explores the relationship between climate shocks and armed conflict using spatial econometric models with a novel travel-time-based structure. Findings point to a destabilizing role of wetter-than-usual seasons, significant spillovers across regions, and conflict persistence. Overall, the thesis shows how climate variability can intensify food insecurity and conflict risk, calling for policies that are both climate-resilient and conflict-sensitive.
Questa tesi esamina il nesso tra variabilità climatica, sicurezza alimentare e conflitto attraverso un’analisi multilivello. Il Capitolo 1 presenta una revisione sistematica della letteratura, mostrando come scarsità e abbondanza di risorse alimentari siano meccanismi centrali che collegano il clima al conflitto, con effetti mediati da fattori quali povertà e fragilità statale. La revisione evidenzia inoltre debolezze metodologiche e fallacie di modello, sottolineando la necessità di analisi empiriche più rigorose. I Capitoli 2 e 3 si concentrano sull’Etiopia, un paese altamente esposto alla variabilità climatica per la forte dipendenza dall’agricoltura pluviale e caratterizzato da persistente instabilità politica. Il Capitolo 2 combina dati socioeconomici e climatici ad alta risoluzione per valutare l’impatto degli shock termici sull’insicurezza alimentare. I risultati mostrano che tali shock durante la stagione agricola aumentano significativamente l’insicurezza post-raccolto, con effetti eterogenei tra le famiglie, in particolare quelle con membri non in età lavorativa. Il Capitolo 3 analizza la relazione tra shock climatici e conflitti armati mediante modelli econometrici spaziali basati su una nuova struttura fondata sui tempi di percorrenza. Le evidenze indicano un ruolo destabilizzante delle stagioni insolitamente piovose, spillover significativi tra regioni e persistenza dei conflitti. Nel complesso, la tesi mostra come la variabilità climatica possa amplificare insicurezza alimentare e rischio di conflitto, richiedendo politiche insieme resilienti al clima e sensibili al conflitto.
Rising fever: The Relationship between Climate Change and Violence
GEBBANI, NICOLO'
2026
Abstract
This thesis examines the nexus between climate variability, food security, and conflict through a multi-level analysis. Chapter 1 provides a systematic scoping review of the literature, showing that food scarcity and abundance are central mechanisms linking climate to conflict, with their effects mediated by factors such as poverty and state fragility. The review also highlights methodological weaknesses and model fallacies, underscoring the need for more rigorous empirical work. Chapters 2 and 3 focus on Ethiopia, a country highly exposed to climate variability due to its reliance on rainfed agriculture and affected by persistent instability. Chapter 2 combines household survey and high-resolution climate data to assess the impact of heat shocks on food insecurity. Results show that growing-season heat shocks significantly increase post-harvest food insecurity, with heterogeneous effects across households, especially those with non-working-age members. Chapter 3 explores the relationship between climate shocks and armed conflict using spatial econometric models with a novel travel-time-based structure. Findings point to a destabilizing role of wetter-than-usual seasons, significant spillovers across regions, and conflict persistence. Overall, the thesis shows how climate variability can intensify food insecurity and conflict risk, calling for policies that are both climate-resilient and conflict-sensitive.| File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14242/359453
URN:NBN:IT:UNIVE-359453