The aim of this dissertation is to develop a critical analysis of the foundations of modern political philosophy through the work of Eric Voegelin and F. A. Hayek – two thinkers whose intellectual backgrounds and domains of inquiry differ substantially, yet who share a rejection of the utopian and totalitarian tendencies characteristic of modern political thought. Part I reconstructs Voegelin’s interpretation of modernity as an essentially gnostic phenomenon. It examines the process by which the Christian eschaton is immanentized and shows how this process shapes a range of modern and contemporary ideologies, including the neo-gnostic strands of egalitarianism and transhumanism. Part II examines Hayek’s political philosophy, with a focus on the theory of spontaneous order, understood both as a critique of scientistic models of rational social planning and as a basis for a form of conservative liberalism that assigns epistemic weight to traditional morality. The concluding chapter brings the two perspectives together by employing the Rosminian notion of “imperfectism”, presented as a theoretical and practical alternative to modern ideological frameworks. It also considers the relation between metaphysical theism and political conservatism by offering a theistic reinterpretation of Hayek’s account of spontaneous order, thereby highlighting the philosophical complementarity of the two approaches.
La ricerca sviluppa un’analisi critica dei fondamenti della modernità politico-filosofica a partire dalle tesi di Eric Voegelin e Friedrich von Hayek, autori eterogenei per formazione e ambito di indagine, ma accomunati dal rifiuto delle derive utopistiche e totalitarie del pensiero politico moderno. La prima parte dell’elaborato ricostruisce l’interpretazione voegeliana della modernità come fenomeno essenzialmente gnostico e il relativo processo di immanentizzazione dell’escatologia cristiana, da cui scaturiscono le ideologie moderne e contemporanee, fino a mettere in luce il carattere neo-gnostico delle più recenti declinazioni dell’egualitarismo e del transumanesimo. La seconda parte approfondisce la filosofia politica di Hayek, con particolare attenzione alla teoria dell’ordine spontaneo, concepita come risposta alla pretesa scientistica di pianificare razionalmente la società e come fondamento di un liberalismo di orientamento conservatore che riconosce il valore, anche epistemico, della morale tradizionale. In conclusione, si propone una sintesi dei due approcci mediante la categoria rosminiana di “imperfettismo”, intesa come alternativa teorica e pratica alle ideologie moderne. Viene inoltre tematizzato il nesso tra teismo metafisico e conservatorismo politico, attraverso una rilettura in chiave teistica della teoria hayekiana dell’ordine spontaneo, che mette in evidenza la complementarità filosofica tra le due prospettive.
Ordine e gnosi. Eric Voegelin e Friedrich von Hayek critici della modernità
PELLEGRINO, VALENTINO
2026
Abstract
The aim of this dissertation is to develop a critical analysis of the foundations of modern political philosophy through the work of Eric Voegelin and F. A. Hayek – two thinkers whose intellectual backgrounds and domains of inquiry differ substantially, yet who share a rejection of the utopian and totalitarian tendencies characteristic of modern political thought. Part I reconstructs Voegelin’s interpretation of modernity as an essentially gnostic phenomenon. It examines the process by which the Christian eschaton is immanentized and shows how this process shapes a range of modern and contemporary ideologies, including the neo-gnostic strands of egalitarianism and transhumanism. Part II examines Hayek’s political philosophy, with a focus on the theory of spontaneous order, understood both as a critique of scientistic models of rational social planning and as a basis for a form of conservative liberalism that assigns epistemic weight to traditional morality. The concluding chapter brings the two perspectives together by employing the Rosminian notion of “imperfectism”, presented as a theoretical and practical alternative to modern ideological frameworks. It also considers the relation between metaphysical theism and political conservatism by offering a theistic reinterpretation of Hayek’s account of spontaneous order, thereby highlighting the philosophical complementarity of the two approaches.| File | Dimensione | Formato | |
|---|---|---|---|
|
Ordine e gnosi.pdf
accesso aperto
Licenza:
Tutti i diritti riservati
Dimensione
1.46 MB
Formato
Adobe PDF
|
1.46 MB | Adobe PDF | Visualizza/Apri |
I documenti in UNITESI sono protetti da copyright e tutti i diritti sono riservati, salvo diversa indicazione.
https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14242/359855
URN:NBN:IT:UNIVE-359855