This research aims to reload incremental design to rethink the contemporary production of social housing. It argues that incrementalism should not be treated merely as a replicable “half-house” prototype, but as an “opportunity for intervention”, a situated design posture for engaging with the upgrading of existing housing stocks. Combining a critical reading of incremental design and discourse with a Deleuzean analysis of the three Lojas’ social housing neighbourhood in Ecuador, the thesis examines the limits and possibilities of time-based strategies for improving dwelling production in Andean intermediate cities. To analyse relations and mechanisms through which dwelling emerges and transforms over time, adopts montage as a critical practice of assembling heterogeneous materials. It integrates spatial mappings, archival research, semi-structured interviews with residents, photographs, and iterative drawing-based reconstructions to trace micro-stories of transformation while preserving the specificity of each source. Drawing operates not merely as representation but as an analytical and projective practice through which dispersed traces become spatially and relationally legible. Taken together, the case studies in Loja reveal dwelling not as a linear process of growth but as an opaque field of relations and a shared logic of production through which families and communities negotiate desires, limits, and possibilities. Incremental transformations do not appear as abstract phenomena, but as situated outcomes of interactions within spatial and social contexts, generated through problem-solving practices that unfold through feedback loops between inhabitants, master builders, and the surrounding environment. Within this terrain, three recurrent assemblages articulated through everyday practices and ongoing processes become visible as projective devices for rethinking incremental design in Andean intermediate cities: 1. the “Cancha” as collective infrastructure sustained through practices of commoning; 2. the domestic as laboratory, where living and working overlap in gendered forms of situated innovation; 3. and flexibility as redundancy, where unfinished or surplus spaces operate as temporal buffers capable of holding uncertain futures open. Reloaded in this way, incrementalism does not seek a return to gradualist reformism nor align with structuralist views that frame housing merely as a support for absorbing change. Instead, it advances a post-foundational repositioning that approaches uncertainty and conflict not as obstacles to be neutralised, but as constitutive conditions and therefore as primary terrains for design. Within this framework, incrementalism is understood as a form of “radical sincerity”, as a practice of care, capable of working with ongoing transformations rather than merely delivering finished forms.
Questa ricerca propone una rilettura critica dell’incrementalismo come paradigma progettuale per ripensare la produzione contemporanea dell’edilizia sociale. Si sostiene che l’incrementalismo non debba essere inteso semplicemente come un prototipo replicabile di “mezza casa”, bensì come un’“opportunità di intervento”: una postura progettuale situata capace di confrontarsi con l’adeguamento e la trasformazione del patrimonio abitativo esistente. Combinando una lettura critica del quadro teorico e delle pratiche progettuali incrementali con un’analisi di matrice deleuziana condotta su tre quartieri di edilizia sociale a Loja, in Ecuador, la tesi indaga limiti e potenzialità delle strategie basate sul tempo per migliorare l’abitare nelle città intermedie andine. Per analizzare i meccanismi attraverso cui l’abitare emerge e si trasforma, la ricerca adotta il montaggio come pratica critica di assemblaggio di materiali eterogenei: mappature spaziali, documenti d’archivio, interviste, fotografie e ricostruzioni grafiche iterative. In questo processo, il disegno non è solo uno strumento di rappresentazione, ma una pratica analitica attraverso cui tracce disperse diventano spazialmente leggibili. Considerati nel loro insieme, i casi di studio di Loja mostrano come l’edilizia incrementale non descriva un processo lineare di crescita, bensì un campo opaco di relazioni e una logica condivisa di produzione attraverso cui famiglie e comunità negoziano desideri, limiti e possibilità. I processi decisionali che orientano la modificazione dell’abitazione non si configurano come dinamiche astratte — pur in presenza di pattern spaziali di crescita ricorrenti — bensì come esiti situati di interazioni con il contesto spaziale e sociale. Essi si sviluppano attraverso pratiche di problem solving che prendono forma in circuiti di feedback tra abitanti, maestri costruttori e l'ambiente circostante. In questo contesto emergono tre assemblaggi ricorrenti, articolati attraverso pratiche quotidiane e processi in divenire, che operano come dispositivi progettuali per ripensare l’incremental design nelle città intermedie andine: la "cancha"come infrastruttura collettiva sostenuta da pratiche di uso e cura comune; il domestico come laboratorio, in cui abitare e lavorare si sovrappongono in forme di innovazione situata; e la flessibilità come ridondanza, dove spazi incompiuti o eccedenti funzionano come riserve temporali capaci di mantenere aperti futuri incerti.Riletto in questo modo, l’incrementalismo non propone un ritorno a un gradualismo riformista né si allinea a visioni strutturaliste che concepiscono l’abitazione come semplice supporto per assorbire il cambiamento. Esso avanza piuttosto un riposizionamento post-fondazionale che considera l’incertezza e il conflitto non come ostacoli da neutralizzare, bensì come condizioni costitutive e quindi come terreni primari dell’azione progettuale. In questa prospettiva, l’incrementalismo è infine inteso come forma di “sincerità radicale”: una pratica di cura capace di operare attraverso trasformazioni in atto, anziché limitarsi alla consegna di forme compiute.
Incremental : designing for the unscripted growth of social housing
CECILIA, CEMPINI
2026
Abstract
This research aims to reload incremental design to rethink the contemporary production of social housing. It argues that incrementalism should not be treated merely as a replicable “half-house” prototype, but as an “opportunity for intervention”, a situated design posture for engaging with the upgrading of existing housing stocks. Combining a critical reading of incremental design and discourse with a Deleuzean analysis of the three Lojas’ social housing neighbourhood in Ecuador, the thesis examines the limits and possibilities of time-based strategies for improving dwelling production in Andean intermediate cities. To analyse relations and mechanisms through which dwelling emerges and transforms over time, adopts montage as a critical practice of assembling heterogeneous materials. It integrates spatial mappings, archival research, semi-structured interviews with residents, photographs, and iterative drawing-based reconstructions to trace micro-stories of transformation while preserving the specificity of each source. Drawing operates not merely as representation but as an analytical and projective practice through which dispersed traces become spatially and relationally legible. Taken together, the case studies in Loja reveal dwelling not as a linear process of growth but as an opaque field of relations and a shared logic of production through which families and communities negotiate desires, limits, and possibilities. Incremental transformations do not appear as abstract phenomena, but as situated outcomes of interactions within spatial and social contexts, generated through problem-solving practices that unfold through feedback loops between inhabitants, master builders, and the surrounding environment. Within this terrain, three recurrent assemblages articulated through everyday practices and ongoing processes become visible as projective devices for rethinking incremental design in Andean intermediate cities: 1. the “Cancha” as collective infrastructure sustained through practices of commoning; 2. the domestic as laboratory, where living and working overlap in gendered forms of situated innovation; 3. and flexibility as redundancy, where unfinished or surplus spaces operate as temporal buffers capable of holding uncertain futures open. Reloaded in this way, incrementalism does not seek a return to gradualist reformism nor align with structuralist views that frame housing merely as a support for absorbing change. Instead, it advances a post-foundational repositioning that approaches uncertainty and conflict not as obstacles to be neutralised, but as constitutive conditions and therefore as primary terrains for design. Within this framework, incrementalism is understood as a form of “radical sincerity”, as a practice of care, capable of working with ongoing transformations rather than merely delivering finished forms.| File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14242/360583
URN:NBN:IT:POLIMI-360583