This doctoral thesis aims to investigate the role of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in strategic decision-making. The thesis is organised into three main chapters. Chapter 1 presents a systematic literature review that maps the emerging findings in management literature on Artificial Intelligence in strategic decision-making. This study establishes a foundation for the rest of the dissertation, identifying key thematic areas (antecedents, outcomes, and processes) and reveals the fragmentation of the field and the need for a more integrated and human-centred perspective. The second chapter is an exploratory qualitative study that uses the theoretical lens of sensemaking to investigate how strategic decision. Chapter 2 is a qualitative study grounded in sensemaking theory that explores how managerial sensemaking of Artificial Intelligence is constructed and which sensemaking patterns determine strategic decision-makers’ understanding and interpretation of Artificial Intelligence. The key contribution of this chapter is the development of a typology of four distinct sensemaking patterns: Sceptical Observers, Tentative Explorers, Pragmatic Experimenters, and Visionary Innovators. This typology provides a framework for understanding the diversity of managerial responses to such a disruptive technological solution. Chapter 3 is a qualitative single case study focusing on the KM3NeT4RR Research Infrastructure, with the purpose of exploring, under the interpretative lens of value theory, Principal Investigators’ and Co-Principal Investigators’ perceptions of Artificial Intelligence in terms of value creation motives (supporting scientific ideation and the data analysis process, strategic project alignment, collaborative leadership, project orchestration, business intelligence activities, and exploitation of research results) and value destruction risks (strategic misalignments or threats to participants’ autonomy). Overall, the thesis contributes to the understanding of human-machine dynamics at the strategic level, highlighting how the integration of AI strongly depends on decision makers' cognitive frameworks and their perceptions, based on both direct experiences and expectations of future use.
La presente tesi di dottorato si propone di indagare il ruolo dell'Intelligenza Artificiale (IA) nei contesti decisionali strategici. La tesi si articola in tre capitoli principali. Il primo presenta una revisione sistematica della letteratura manageriale che ha esplorato le interazioni uomo-macchina nei processi decisionali strategici. I risultati vengono raggruppati in tre principali aree tematiche: antecedenti e rischi, orientamento ai risultati e orientamento ai processi. Il secondo capitolo è uno studio qualitativo esplorativo che utilizza la lente teorica del sensemaking per studiare come le percezioni individuali dei decisori strategici riguardo l’utilizzo di una tecnologia così pervasiva come l’IA a supporto delle loro decisioni possano essere aggregate in pattern di sensemaking alla base di diverse concettualizzazioni dell’IA stessa. I pattern emersi dall’analisi dei dati sono: osservatore scettico, esploratore incerto, sperimentatore pragmatico e innovatore visionario. Il terzo capitolo presenta un caso studio singolo sull'infrastruttura di ricerca KM3NeT4RR, e mira ad analizzare le percezioni dei Principal Investigators (PIs) come decisori strategici. Utilizzando la lente della teoria del valore, l'analisi rivela come l'IA sia percepita sia come motore di creazione di valore, supportando l'ideazione scientifica e il processo di analisi dei dati, l’allineamento strategico dei progetti, una leadership collaborativa, l’orchestrazione del progetto, le attività di business intelligence e sfruttamento dei risultati della ricerca) sia come potenziale rischio di distruzione di valore (a causa di disallineamenti strategici o minacce all'autonomia dei partecipanti). Nel complesso, la tesi contribuisce alla comprensione delle dinamiche uomo-macchina a livello strategico, evidenziando come l'integrazione dell'IA dipenda fortemente dai quadri cognitivi dei decisori e dalla loro percezione fondata sia su esperienze dirette che su aspettative di utilizzo futuro.
Artificial intelligence perception of strategic decision-makers: an exploratory study [La percezione dell'Intelligenza Artificiale da parte dei decisori strategici: uno studio esplorativo]
MUNNIA, ALESSIA
2026
Abstract
This doctoral thesis aims to investigate the role of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in strategic decision-making. The thesis is organised into three main chapters. Chapter 1 presents a systematic literature review that maps the emerging findings in management literature on Artificial Intelligence in strategic decision-making. This study establishes a foundation for the rest of the dissertation, identifying key thematic areas (antecedents, outcomes, and processes) and reveals the fragmentation of the field and the need for a more integrated and human-centred perspective. The second chapter is an exploratory qualitative study that uses the theoretical lens of sensemaking to investigate how strategic decision. Chapter 2 is a qualitative study grounded in sensemaking theory that explores how managerial sensemaking of Artificial Intelligence is constructed and which sensemaking patterns determine strategic decision-makers’ understanding and interpretation of Artificial Intelligence. The key contribution of this chapter is the development of a typology of four distinct sensemaking patterns: Sceptical Observers, Tentative Explorers, Pragmatic Experimenters, and Visionary Innovators. This typology provides a framework for understanding the diversity of managerial responses to such a disruptive technological solution. Chapter 3 is a qualitative single case study focusing on the KM3NeT4RR Research Infrastructure, with the purpose of exploring, under the interpretative lens of value theory, Principal Investigators’ and Co-Principal Investigators’ perceptions of Artificial Intelligence in terms of value creation motives (supporting scientific ideation and the data analysis process, strategic project alignment, collaborative leadership, project orchestration, business intelligence activities, and exploitation of research results) and value destruction risks (strategic misalignments or threats to participants’ autonomy). Overall, the thesis contributes to the understanding of human-machine dynamics at the strategic level, highlighting how the integration of AI strongly depends on decision makers' cognitive frameworks and their perceptions, based on both direct experiences and expectations of future use.| File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14242/360632
URN:NBN:IT:UNICT-360632