Design and Development of Electronic Sensor Interfaces for Point-of-Care Devices: Bridging Research and Industrial Innovation

This thesis presents the development of compact and optimized electronic systems for portable electrochemical characterization, biosensing, and electrical stimulation, aiming to advance continuous, non-invasive, and personalized healthcare monitoring. The primary objective is to design and implement low-noise, high-performance electronic interfaces that enable reliable electrochemical sensing, impedance spectroscopy, and electrical stimulation in portable or point-of-care environments. Leveraging advances in mixed-signal circuit design, the research explores energy-efficient architectures for real-time electrochemical signal acquisition and controlled electrical actuation. The work addresses critical challenges in device-level biosensing technologies, emphasizing long-term operational stability, high measurement accuracy, and robust wireless communication to ensure dependable performance in connected healthcare scenarios. To overcome these challenges, the thesis introduces innovative circuit- and system-level solutions: a miniaturized potentiostat for electrochemical sensing, configurable bio-impedance spectroscopy interfaces, and a programmable electrical stimulator designed for therapeutic and reverse-iontophoretic applications. Special attention is devoted to safety mechanisms, fault protection strategies, portability, and sustained reliability under physiological conditions and resource-constrained environments. A major contribution of this work lies in the design of compact and modular mixed-signal platforms tailored for diverse bioelectronic modalities, providing the building blocks for future closed-loop healthcare systems. Experimental validation demonstrates accurate signal acquisition, efficient power management, and reliable operation under physiological conditions, establishing a technological foundation for next-generation wearable and point-of-care diagnostic platforms.