The dissertation is placed within a pedagogical scenario marked by the urgency of having devices capable of making intelligible, rigorous observational practices, through the multiple forms of deprivation of opportunities that cross educational contexts. The syntagma educational poverty is in fact presented as a stratified object, not immediately visible, which requires to be constructed theoretically even before being empirically detected; also because the object itself does not coincide with a simple lack of material resources or with the absence of measurable skills according to standardized indicators, but represents an interweaving of vulnerabilities that invests cultural dimensions, social, symbolic and relational aspects of educational life, generating conditions of exclusion that are often reproduced in time and space. The desire to explore the possibilities of pedagogical knowledge, when it assumes design not as the application of already defined protocols but as a form of investigation that gives meaning to practices and directs them towards social justice, is another direction of meaning that has generated research. The construction of the Observatory belongs to this itinerary, because it represents the concretization of a precise pedagogical hypothesis, namely that educational knowledge, when rooted in reflexivity and participation, can generate change and produce forms of emancipation. The objectives of the researcg work are therefore developed along three axes: a) the reconstruction, outlining a theoretical path that crosses the main traditions of secular pedagogy, of the nature of observation as an act at the heart of a geometry between the epistemic-ethical-political vertices, so as to show how observational practice and the theory that supports it are the essential basis for any educational research project; b) the rigorous definition of the object educational poverty, in such a way as to be able to fathom precisely its conceptual structure, the theoretical lines that have marked the various attempts to a unitary definition, the connotations with which it is possible to recognize a phenomenon pertaining to the plural sphere of educational deprivation and interdictions, and the conditions under which educational poverty itself can be made observable in a scientific and pedagogically ground; c) the design of the Observatory so that it is able to translate these reflections into a device capable of observing, interpreting and intervening on educational phenomena related to vulnerability, according to an epistemic reasoning that does not separate theory and practice but assumes them as moments of a single action of knowledge. To respond to this triple need, the methodology has looked at the needs and requirements by marrying the consolidated framework of qualitative research and theoretical-reflective investigation, through the recognition of the literature, for each of the three directions, with a systematic look. At the same time, the dimension of existing experiences, both of observation practices and of emerging categories of educational deprivation, has not been lost sight of. The research answered the questions posed during its formulation by demonstrating the possibility of developing a pedagogical model of Observatory on educational poverty that combines scientific rigor, ethical responsibility and the finalization of a theory of change. The results of the theorical analys converge in the formalization of a sustainable and replicable Observatory, epistemologically grounded, capable of restoring visibility to the latencies of educational poverty and at the same time of directing territorial interventions. The applicated repercussions concern the possibility of equipping communities and institutions that contributes to a reasoning both on emancipatory training processes and on the construction of educational policies that contrast forms of exclusion, without losing sight of the historical and intersectional dimension of educational vulnerability.
La dissertazione si colloca entro uno scenario pedagogico segnato dall’urgenza di disporre di dispositivi capaci di rendere intelligibili, attraverso pratiche osservative rigorose, le molteplici forme delle deprivazioni di opportunità che attraversano i contesti formativi. Il sintagma povertà educative si presenta infatti come un oggetto stratificato, non immediatamente visibile, che richiede di essere costruito teoricamente ancor prima che rilevato empiricamente; anche perché l’oggetto stesso non coincide con una semplice mancanza di risorse materiali né con l’assenza di competenze misurabili secondo indicatori standardizzati, ma rappresenta un intreccio di vulnerabilità che investe dimensioni culturali, sociali, simboliche e relazionali della vita educativa, generando condizioni di esclusione che spesso si riproducono nel tempo e nello spazio. La volontà di esplorare le possibilità del sapere pedagogico, quando esso assume la progettazione non come applicazione di protocolli già definiti ma come forma di indagine che dà senso alle pratiche e le orienta verso la giustizia sociale, è un’altra direttrice di senso che ha generato la ricerca. La costruzione dell’Osservatorio appartiene a tale itinerario, perché rappresenta la concretizzazione di un’ipotesi pedagogica precisa, e cioè che la conoscenza educativa, quando radicata nella riflessività e nella partecipazione, possa generare cambiamento e produrre forme di emancipazione. Gli obiettivi del lavoro si sviluppano dunque lungo tre assi: a) la ricostruzione, delineando un percorso teorico che attraversa le principali tradizioni della pedagogia laica, della natura dell’osservazione come atto al cuore di una geometria tra i vertici epistemico-etico-politico, così da mostrare come la pratica osservativa e la teoria che la sorregge siano alla base imprescindibile per qualunque progetto di ricerca educativa; b) la definizione in maniera rigorosa dell’oggetto povertà educative, in modo tale da poterne scandagliare con precisione la struttura concettuale, i marchi teorici che hanno segnato i vari tentativi di una definizione unitaria, i connotati con cui è possibile riconoscere un fenomeno afferente alla sfera plurale delle deprivazioni e delle interdizioni educative, e le condizioni con cui le stesse povertà educative possono essere rese osservabili in modo scientifico e pedagogicamente fondato; c) la progettazione dell’Osservatorio così che questo sappia tradurre tali riflessioni in un dispositivo capace di osservare, interpretare e intervenire sui fenomeni educativi legati alla vulnerabilità, secondo un ragionamento epistemico che non separi teoria e prassi ma le assuma come momenti di un’unica azione di conoscenza. Per rispondere a questa triplice esigenza, la metodologia ha guardato alle necessità e ai bisogni sposando i framework consolidati della ricerca qualitativa e dell’investigazione teorico-riflessiva, attraversando la ricognizione della letteratura, per ciascuna delle tre direttrici, con sguardo sistematico. Contemporaneamente, non si è persa di vista la dimensione delle esperienze esistenti, tanto delle pratiche di osservazione quanto delle categorie emergenti di deprivazione educativa. La ricerca ha risposto alle domande postesi durante la sua formulazione dimostrando la possibilità di elaborare un modello pedagogico di Osservatorio sulle povertà educative che coniughi rigore scientifico, responsabilità etica e finalizzazione di una teoria del cambiamento. I risultati dell’indagine convergono nella formalizzazione di un Osservatorio sostenibile e replicabile, epistemologicamente fondato, capace di restituire visibilità alle latenze proprie delle povertà educative e allo stesso tempo di orientare interventi territoriali. Le ricadute applicative riguardano la possibilità di dotare comunita e istituzioni che contribuisce ad un ragionamento sia sui processi formativi emancipatori che sulla costruzione di politiche educative che contrastino le forme di esclusione, senza perdere di vista la dimensione storica e intersezionale della vulnerabilità educativa.
Osservatorio sulle povertà educative. Paradigmi, modelli di progettazione e processi formativi
LIOTTA, EMANUELE
2026
Abstract
The dissertation is placed within a pedagogical scenario marked by the urgency of having devices capable of making intelligible, rigorous observational practices, through the multiple forms of deprivation of opportunities that cross educational contexts. The syntagma educational poverty is in fact presented as a stratified object, not immediately visible, which requires to be constructed theoretically even before being empirically detected; also because the object itself does not coincide with a simple lack of material resources or with the absence of measurable skills according to standardized indicators, but represents an interweaving of vulnerabilities that invests cultural dimensions, social, symbolic and relational aspects of educational life, generating conditions of exclusion that are often reproduced in time and space. The desire to explore the possibilities of pedagogical knowledge, when it assumes design not as the application of already defined protocols but as a form of investigation that gives meaning to practices and directs them towards social justice, is another direction of meaning that has generated research. The construction of the Observatory belongs to this itinerary, because it represents the concretization of a precise pedagogical hypothesis, namely that educational knowledge, when rooted in reflexivity and participation, can generate change and produce forms of emancipation. The objectives of the researcg work are therefore developed along three axes: a) the reconstruction, outlining a theoretical path that crosses the main traditions of secular pedagogy, of the nature of observation as an act at the heart of a geometry between the epistemic-ethical-political vertices, so as to show how observational practice and the theory that supports it are the essential basis for any educational research project; b) the rigorous definition of the object educational poverty, in such a way as to be able to fathom precisely its conceptual structure, the theoretical lines that have marked the various attempts to a unitary definition, the connotations with which it is possible to recognize a phenomenon pertaining to the plural sphere of educational deprivation and interdictions, and the conditions under which educational poverty itself can be made observable in a scientific and pedagogically ground; c) the design of the Observatory so that it is able to translate these reflections into a device capable of observing, interpreting and intervening on educational phenomena related to vulnerability, according to an epistemic reasoning that does not separate theory and practice but assumes them as moments of a single action of knowledge. To respond to this triple need, the methodology has looked at the needs and requirements by marrying the consolidated framework of qualitative research and theoretical-reflective investigation, through the recognition of the literature, for each of the three directions, with a systematic look. At the same time, the dimension of existing experiences, both of observation practices and of emerging categories of educational deprivation, has not been lost sight of. The research answered the questions posed during its formulation by demonstrating the possibility of developing a pedagogical model of Observatory on educational poverty that combines scientific rigor, ethical responsibility and the finalization of a theory of change. The results of the theorical analys converge in the formalization of a sustainable and replicable Observatory, epistemologically grounded, capable of restoring visibility to the latencies of educational poverty and at the same time of directing territorial interventions. The applicated repercussions concern the possibility of equipping communities and institutions that contributes to a reasoning both on emancipatory training processes and on the construction of educational policies that contrast forms of exclusion, without losing sight of the historical and intersectional dimension of educational vulnerability.| File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14242/374143
URN:NBN:IT:UNICT-374143