This work analyzes the interactions between fluvial and coastal dynamics at the mouth of the Ofanto River, an area characterized by high hydro-morphological vulnerability. The investigation was based on the integration of three numerical models, i.e. (i) HEC-RAS, used for unsteady hydrodynamic simulations along the river course, (ii) Delft3D, applied to represent hydrodynamic and wave processes in the coastal envi-ronment, and (iii) XBeach, employed to assess morphodynamic responses to extreme events.The results highlighted the strong variability of the river response under flood conditions, the sensitivity of the coastal domain to meteorological and bathymetric variations, and the occurrence of local erosion and sedimentation processes linked to wave–current–river flow interactions. Comparison with reanalysis data further revealed the influence of spatial resolution and local morphological features on the system’s response.These dynam-ics are embedded in a context already affected by anthropogenic pressures, such as groundwater exploita-tion, reduction of sediment supply, degradation of dune systems, and the construction of infrastructures and rigid coastal defenses. Overall, the evidence confirms that the Ofanto River mouth represents a coastal system in disequilibrium, whose evolution requires integrated and sustainable management strategies ori-ented toward the long term, aimed at reducing vulnerability and enhancing system resilience.
Il presente lavoro analizza le interazioni tra dinamiche fluviali e costiere alla foce del fiume Ofanto, un’area caratterizzata da elevata vulnerabilità idro-morfologica. L’indagine si è basata sull’integrazione di tre modelli numerici, (i) HEC-RAS per le simulazioni idrodinamiche in moto vario lungo l’asta fluviale, (ii) Delft3D per la rappresentazione dei processi idrodinamici e ondosi in ambiente costiero e (iii) XBeach per la valutazione delle risposte morfodinamiche a eventi estremi.I risultati hanno messo in evidenza la forte varia-bilità della risposta fluviale in condizioni di piena, la sensibilità del dominio costiero alle variazioni meteomari-ne e batimetriche e la presenza di processi locali di erosione e sedimentazione legati all’interazione onda–corrente–deflusso fluviale. Il confronto con dati di rianalisi ha inoltre evidenziato l’influenza della risoluzione spaziale e delle caratteristiche morfologiche locali sulla risposta del sistema. Queste dinamiche si inseriscono in un contesto già compromesso da pressioni antropiche quali lo sfruttamento delle acque sotterranee, la ri-duzione degli apporti solidi, la perdita dei sistemi dunari e la costruzione di infrastrutture e difese rigide. L’insieme delle evidenze conferma come la foce dell’Ofanto rappresenti un sistema costiero in disequilibrio, la cui evoluzione richiede strategie di gestione integrata e sostenibile orientate al lungo periodo, capaci di ri-durre la vulnerabilità e accrescere la resilienza del territorio.
Interazione delle dinamiche fluviali e costiere alla foce del fiume Ofanto
CARBONE, FILOMENA
2026
Abstract
This work analyzes the interactions between fluvial and coastal dynamics at the mouth of the Ofanto River, an area characterized by high hydro-morphological vulnerability. The investigation was based on the integration of three numerical models, i.e. (i) HEC-RAS, used for unsteady hydrodynamic simulations along the river course, (ii) Delft3D, applied to represent hydrodynamic and wave processes in the coastal envi-ronment, and (iii) XBeach, employed to assess morphodynamic responses to extreme events.The results highlighted the strong variability of the river response under flood conditions, the sensitivity of the coastal domain to meteorological and bathymetric variations, and the occurrence of local erosion and sedimentation processes linked to wave–current–river flow interactions. Comparison with reanalysis data further revealed the influence of spatial resolution and local morphological features on the system’s response.These dynam-ics are embedded in a context already affected by anthropogenic pressures, such as groundwater exploita-tion, reduction of sediment supply, degradation of dune systems, and the construction of infrastructures and rigid coastal defenses. Overall, the evidence confirms that the Ofanto River mouth represents a coastal system in disequilibrium, whose evolution requires integrated and sustainable management strategies ori-ented toward the long term, aimed at reducing vulnerability and enhancing system resilience.| File | Dimensione | Formato | |
|---|---|---|---|
|
Tesi di dottorato carbone.pdf
accesso aperto
Licenza:
Tutti i diritti riservati
Dimensione
11.93 MB
Formato
Adobe PDF
|
11.93 MB | Adobe PDF | Visualizza/Apri |
I documenti in UNITESI sono protetti da copyright e tutti i diritti sono riservati, salvo diversa indicazione.
https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14242/379028
URN:NBN:IT:POLIBA-379028