The high recycling of natural materials, which can be used in low-cost construction, such as a raw earth, straw, bamboo, wood, recycled materials like used tires, glass bottles and plastic, recycled paper etc.., associated with simple and traditional construction techniques able to exploit the principles of bioclimatic architecture for energy needs, allow us to make buildings environmentally conscious and responsible, able to respond to several needs with the artifice of the forms and technological capability in a new relationship between architecture and nature. The research sphere, "eco-compatible materials and technologies in low cost building systems", was oriented towards the study of the new techniques for raw earth as a building material, intended as a simple and traditional material, applied to the types mainly for residential purposes. This study path has been undertaken to addressing the knowledge of this ancient material, raw earth, in various aspects: composition, aesthetics, performance, economic. A further phase of research was devoted to an analysis, comparison of some contemporary works, scattered in various parts of the world, with the writing of descriptions of the works examined. In some cases, the study material was provided by the authors of the interventions, which have made available, for the purposes of research, a series of technical documentation and personal photographs. The research was completed with the design and construction of a building element base, a block of clay reinforced with fibers derived from the leaves of the common reed, a natural material in the scrap processing for the preparation of reeds and mats, and aggregate Etna volcanic sand, with an example of application in the design of accommodation for transient residence. In addition, the block has been tested in laboratory for its characterization, with trials and tests required by the New Zealand Code, which led to an initial framework of acceptability of the earthen block made with local materials and low cost.
L'alta riciclabilità dei materiali naturali, che possono essere impiegati nelle costruzioni a basso costo come la terra cruda, la paglia, il bambù, il legno insieme a materiali di recupero come copertoni usati, bottiglie di vetro e plastica, carta riciclata ecc., associata alle tecniche costruttive semplici e tradizionali capaci di sfruttare i principi della bioclimatica per i fabbisogni energetici, ci consentono di realizzare costruzioni ecologicamente consapevoli e responsabili, capaci di rispondere alle diverse richieste esigenziali con l'artificio delle forme e con la capacità tecnologica in un nuovo legame tra architettura e natura. La ricerca è stata orientata verso lo studio delle nuove tecniche per l'impiego della terra cruda come materiale da costruzione, inteso come materiale semplice e tradizionale, applicate alle tipologie per scopi prevalentemente abitativi. Questo percorso di studio è stato intrapreso per affinare la conoscenza di questo antico materiale, la terra cruda, nei vari aspetti: compositivi, estetici, prestazionali, economici. Una ulteriore fase di ricerca è stata rivolta ad una analisi, comparativa di alcune realizzazioni contemporanee, sparse in varie parti del mondo, con la redazione di schede descrittive delle opere prese in esame. In alcuni casi, il materiale di studio è stato fornito dagli stessi autori degli interventi, che hanno messo a disposizione, ai fini della ricerca, una serie di documentazioni tecniche e fotografiche personali. La ricerca è stata conclusa con la progettazione e la realizzazione di un elemento edilizio di base, un blocco di terra cruda rinforzato con fibre ricavate dal fogliame della canna comune, un materiale naturale di scarto nella lavorazione per la preparazione di incannucciati e stuoie, e aggregato di sabbia vulcanica dell Etna, con un esempio di applicazione nella progettazione di un alloggio per residenza transitoria. Inoltre il manufatto è stato testato in laboratorio per la sua caratterizzazione, con prove e test previsti dalle normative neozelandesi, che hanno permesso di tracciare un primo quadro di accettabilità del blocco in terra cruda confezionato con materiali locali e a basso costo.
MATERIALI E TECNOLOGIE ECOCOMPATIBILI NEI SISTEMI COSTRUTTIVI A BASSO COSTO
DE FRANCISCI, GIANLUCA
2011
Abstract
The high recycling of natural materials, which can be used in low-cost construction, such as a raw earth, straw, bamboo, wood, recycled materials like used tires, glass bottles and plastic, recycled paper etc.., associated with simple and traditional construction techniques able to exploit the principles of bioclimatic architecture for energy needs, allow us to make buildings environmentally conscious and responsible, able to respond to several needs with the artifice of the forms and technological capability in a new relationship between architecture and nature. The research sphere, "eco-compatible materials and technologies in low cost building systems", was oriented towards the study of the new techniques for raw earth as a building material, intended as a simple and traditional material, applied to the types mainly for residential purposes. This study path has been undertaken to addressing the knowledge of this ancient material, raw earth, in various aspects: composition, aesthetics, performance, economic. A further phase of research was devoted to an analysis, comparison of some contemporary works, scattered in various parts of the world, with the writing of descriptions of the works examined. In some cases, the study material was provided by the authors of the interventions, which have made available, for the purposes of research, a series of technical documentation and personal photographs. The research was completed with the design and construction of a building element base, a block of clay reinforced with fibers derived from the leaves of the common reed, a natural material in the scrap processing for the preparation of reeds and mats, and aggregate Etna volcanic sand, with an example of application in the design of accommodation for transient residence. In addition, the block has been tested in laboratory for its characterization, with trials and tests required by the New Zealand Code, which led to an initial framework of acceptability of the earthen block made with local materials and low cost.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14242/73059
URN:NBN:IT:UNICT-73059