Ideological Resistance of Pashtun Asylum Seekers Against Deportation and Temporal Rationalities in Landshut and Cologne, Germany

The lived experiences of Afghan Pashtun asylum seekers migrating from Afghanistan to Germany are examined in this thesis. This study focuses more explicitly on the deportation and ideological resistance of Pashtun asylum applicants. This thesis seeks to provide an answer to the following research questions: How do temporal rationalities, such as waiting time, residence permits, and Duldung (temporary non-status), regulate asylum seekers? and how do asylum seekers resist against temporal rationalities?. This study was carried out in the German cities of Landshut and Cologne, both of which have sizeable population of Pashtun asylum seekers. Studies that have already been done on German migration frequently concentrate on one of three topics: structural constraints, deportation, and pro- or anti-asylum seeker sentiment. However, the resistance of asylum seekers to temporal rationalities has received very little attention. Moreover, the backstage in-person and virtual meetings and communications, which constantly utilize as survival strategies despite institutional limitations, are given very little weight. From a virtual standpoint, asylum seekers connect with one another on front-stage social media platforms like Facebook and Twitter as well as on backstage platforms like WhatsApp and Telegram to address any unsuitable problems caused by the temporal rationalities. In this way, I called this whole process "ideological resistance," which takes the form of "material resistance" when it comes up in actions. In this context, the thesis contends that temporal rationalities do not always govern the oppressed, they do provide the oppressed with an indirect weapon. During my fieldwork, I found that the liminal situation of Pashtun asylum seekers had a good side that compelled them for thinking and making strategies for survival against their asylum case problems.