Telomeres are highly conserved structures at the ends of eukaryotic chromosomes and consist of tandem repeat DNA sequences (TTAGGG)n and associated proteins. The telomere is involved in several essential biological functions. Myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) are a group of clonal disorders of hematopoietic stem cells characterized by dysplasia, ineffective hematopoiesis in one or more myeloid cell lineages and an elevated risk of progression into acute myeloid leukemia (AML).Telomere dysfunction might generate genomic instability leading to the progression of myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) into acute myeloid leukemia (AML). We investigated telomere length (TL), telomerase activity (TA) and hTERT, c-myc, mad1, and p53 expression in the bone marrow of patients with MDS (n=109), AML (n=47) and in controls (n=24). We divided the MDS patients into two groups on the basis of their IPSS scores: L-MDS patients (low and intermediate-1 IPSS, n=83) and H-MDS patients (intermediate-2 and high IPSS, n=20). We analyzed the chronic myelomonocytic leukemia patients (CMML, n=8) and the AML patients (n=48) separately. TL was lower in MDS patients than in controls (p<0.001) and higher in L-MDS (p<0.01) respect H-MDS (p<0.01) patients. hTERT expression and telomerase activity were highly heterogeneous among all groups of patients and there were no differences between patients and controls. Mad-1 expression was higher in MDS patients than in controls (p<0.01), c-myc expression was highest in H-MDS and in AML patients (p<0.05 and p<0.01, respectively). The p53 gene was expressed in all groups of patients at the same level as seen in controls. We concluded that the telomere dynamics in particular the telomere length, c-myc and mad-1 expression, might be useful for stratifying patients according to a risk scoring system.
I telomeri sono delle strutture altamente conservate situati nella parte terminale dei cromosomi degli eucarioti, sono formati da sequenze di DNA (TTAGGG)n ripetuto in tandem e da proteine ad esse associate. Le regioni telomeriche sono implicate in molteplici funzioni biologiche. Le sindromi mielodisplastiche (SMD) rappresentano un insieme di disfunzioni clonali delle cellule staminali emopoietiche caratterizzate da displasia, ematopoiesi inefficace che coinvolge una o più linee di maturazione delle cellule mieloidi e da un elevato rischio di progressione in leucemia acuta mieloide (LAM). In questo studio sono stati analizzati la lunghezza dei telomeri (TFR), l’attività telomerasica (AT) e l’espressione dei geni hTERT, c-myc, mad1 e p53 nel midollo osseo di pazienti affetti da SMD (n=109), da LAM (n=47) e nei controlli (n=24). Sono stati suddivisi i pazienti affetti da SMD in due gruppi sulla base dello score IPSS: pazienti SMD-BR (IPSS basso ed intermedio-1, n=83) e pazienti SMD-AR (IPSS intermedio-2 ed alto, n=20). Sono stati analizzate separatamente le leucemie mielomonocitiche croniche (LMMC, n=8) e le LAM. La TFR era minore nelle SMD rispetto ai controlli (p<0.001); tra le SMD la TFR era superiore nelle SMD-BR rispetto alle SMDAR (p<0.01), tali dati dimostravano un’accentuata erosione dei telomeri con il progredire della malattia. I pazienti mostravano un’espressione di hTERT e un’attività telomerasica molto eterogenee e non si evidenziavano differenze significative. Il gene mad-1 era iperespresso nelle SMD rispetto ai controlli (p<0.01). L’espressione di c-myc aumentava nel gruppo delle SMD-AR e nelle LAM (p<0.05 e p<0.01, rispettivamente). Il gene p53 era espresso allo stesso livello dei controlli in tutti i gruppi di pazienti analizzati. In conclusione l’omeostasi della regione telomerica, in particolare la lunghezza dei telomeri e l’espressione di alcuni fattori della trascrizione coinvolti nella sua regolazione, come c-myc e mad-1, potrebbero essere utilizzati in futuro per stratificare i pazienti in accordo con il sistema di classificazione del rischio di progressione della sindrome mielodisplastica.
Omeostasi dei telomeri nelle sindromi mielodisplastiche
BERARDINELLI, ELEONORA
2014
Abstract
Telomeres are highly conserved structures at the ends of eukaryotic chromosomes and consist of tandem repeat DNA sequences (TTAGGG)n and associated proteins. The telomere is involved in several essential biological functions. Myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) are a group of clonal disorders of hematopoietic stem cells characterized by dysplasia, ineffective hematopoiesis in one or more myeloid cell lineages and an elevated risk of progression into acute myeloid leukemia (AML).Telomere dysfunction might generate genomic instability leading to the progression of myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) into acute myeloid leukemia (AML). We investigated telomere length (TL), telomerase activity (TA) and hTERT, c-myc, mad1, and p53 expression in the bone marrow of patients with MDS (n=109), AML (n=47) and in controls (n=24). We divided the MDS patients into two groups on the basis of their IPSS scores: L-MDS patients (low and intermediate-1 IPSS, n=83) and H-MDS patients (intermediate-2 and high IPSS, n=20). We analyzed the chronic myelomonocytic leukemia patients (CMML, n=8) and the AML patients (n=48) separately. TL was lower in MDS patients than in controls (p<0.001) and higher in L-MDS (p<0.01) respect H-MDS (p<0.01) patients. hTERT expression and telomerase activity were highly heterogeneous among all groups of patients and there were no differences between patients and controls. Mad-1 expression was higher in MDS patients than in controls (p<0.01), c-myc expression was highest in H-MDS and in AML patients (p<0.05 and p<0.01, respectively). The p53 gene was expressed in all groups of patients at the same level as seen in controls. We concluded that the telomere dynamics in particular the telomere length, c-myc and mad-1 expression, might be useful for stratifying patients according to a risk scoring system.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
---|---|---|---|
Tesi_Berardinelli.pdf
embargo fino al 31/12/2030
Dimensione
2.87 MB
Formato
Adobe PDF
|
2.87 MB | Adobe PDF |
I documenti in UNITESI sono protetti da copyright e tutti i diritti sono riservati, salvo diversa indicazione.
https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14242/96411
URN:NBN:IT:UNIVPM-96411