This thesis is a collection of three distinct works around two background common topics: how banking regulation effects the banks' behavior, and the role of the banking system in funding the real economy. These two topics are often studied separately, overlooking that banking regulation affects banks' behavior and their choices of lending to corporations, households, and economic and social fabric. To aide our systemic understanding of the implications of banking regulations onto the real economy, we dedicate the first two chapters of this thesis to shed some light on how the banking system evolved over the years. In particular, we analyze the US banking system from the 50s to present, using wavelet analysis. The first chapter studies the relationship between external sources of funds of corporations. The second chapter investigates whether data underpin the financial accelerator mechanism. Our analysis suggests that bank regulation, financial innovation, and technological development profusely affected bank' behavior, and explains why business cycles have become more severe in the past thirty years. In the third chapter we present a model in which banks suffer from strategic complementary. We derive the conditions for strategic complementarities in the behavior of banks in a banking system in which the supervisory authority has a budget constraint on the resources that it can allocate to monitor, and supervision is costly for banks. The strategic complementarity, in turn, can lead to homogeneous private decisions on risk-taking, setting the scene for corners solution as an excessive amount of credit or a credit crunch. In such a framework, the goal of macro-prudential policies consists in simultaneously restraining the incentive of banks in extending an excessive or a too low amount of loans. We show that the countercyclical buffer is a proper tool to reduce the probability of a credit boom, while a loans support program can decrease the probability of a credit crunch.
Questa tesi racchiude tre lavori tra loro distinti ma legati da due argomenti in comune ovvero come la regolamentazione influenzi il comportamento degli intermediari bancari e il cruciale ruolo delle banche nel garantire il corretto flusso di credito all'economia reale. Questi due temi, sebbene legati, sono spesso affrontati separatamente trascurando che la regolamentazione, influenzando il comportamento degli intermediari bancari, influisca a sua volta anche sul flusso di credito all'economia reale. I primi due capitoli analizzano come il sistema bancario Americano si sia evoluto dagli anni 50 ad oggi. L'analisi sfrutta le proprietà delle Wavelet che permettono di studiare le serie storiche sia nel dominio del tempo sia in quello delle frequenze. Il primo capitolo analizza la relazione tra le sorgenti esterne di finanziamento per le imprese, mentre il secondo verifica se i dati confermano la teoria dell'acceleratore finanziario. Le conclusioni dei primi due capitoli confermano che la regolamentazione bancaria, l'evoluzione finanziaria e lo sviluppo tecnologico hanno modificato il processo decisionale degli intermediari bancari; ciò può spiegare perché negli ultimi decenni abbiamo osservato cicli economici più marcati. Nel terzo capitolo è presentato un modello nel quale gli intermediari bancari sono soggetti a complementarietà strategica nel loro processo decisionale. Nel modello la complementarità è dovuta alla contemporanea presenza di un vincolo sulle risorse disponibili per la vigilanza bancaria e all'ipotesi che la supervisione sia costosa per le banche. Si evidenzia come la presenza della complementarietà strategica possa spingere il sistema bancario a disequilibri, ad esempio un'eccessiva quantità di credito o una sua riduzione spropositata. Il modello evidenzia che le politiche macroprudenziali, come il countercyclical buffer e il loans support program, possono ridurre il rischio di eventi estremi modificando gli incentivi delle banche.
Procyclicality and Strategic Complementarities in Bank Regulation
CARRARO, THOMAS
2019
Abstract
This thesis is a collection of three distinct works around two background common topics: how banking regulation effects the banks' behavior, and the role of the banking system in funding the real economy. These two topics are often studied separately, overlooking that banking regulation affects banks' behavior and their choices of lending to corporations, households, and economic and social fabric. To aide our systemic understanding of the implications of banking regulations onto the real economy, we dedicate the first two chapters of this thesis to shed some light on how the banking system evolved over the years. In particular, we analyze the US banking system from the 50s to present, using wavelet analysis. The first chapter studies the relationship between external sources of funds of corporations. The second chapter investigates whether data underpin the financial accelerator mechanism. Our analysis suggests that bank regulation, financial innovation, and technological development profusely affected bank' behavior, and explains why business cycles have become more severe in the past thirty years. In the third chapter we present a model in which banks suffer from strategic complementary. We derive the conditions for strategic complementarities in the behavior of banks in a banking system in which the supervisory authority has a budget constraint on the resources that it can allocate to monitor, and supervision is costly for banks. The strategic complementarity, in turn, can lead to homogeneous private decisions on risk-taking, setting the scene for corners solution as an excessive amount of credit or a credit crunch. In such a framework, the goal of macro-prudential policies consists in simultaneously restraining the incentive of banks in extending an excessive or a too low amount of loans. We show that the countercyclical buffer is a proper tool to reduce the probability of a credit boom, while a loans support program can decrease the probability of a credit crunch.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14242/96706
URN:NBN:IT:UNIVPM-96706