Two new formulations, respectively denominated INT_M1 and INT_M2, of an integrated mathematical model to describe the glycemic and insulinemic responses to a 75 g oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) are proposed and compared. The INT_M1 assumes a single compartment for the intestine and the derivative of a power exponential function for monophasic representation of gastric emptying rate profile. In the INT_M2, a nonlinear three-compartment system model is adopted to produce a more realistic, multiphase gastric emptying rate. Both models were implemented in a Matlab-based, two-step procedure for estimation of seven adjustable coefficients characterizing the gastric emptying rate and the incretin, insulin and glucose kinetics. Model behaviour was tested vs. data of mean plasma glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1), glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP), glucose and insulin concentrations provided by two different laboratories, where glycemic profiles observed during a 75 g OGTT were matched in healthy subjects (HC1- and HC2-group, respectively) by means of an isoglycemic intravenous glucose (I-IVG) infusion. Under the hypothesis of an additive effect of GLP-1 and GIP on insulin potentiation, our results demonstrated a substantial equivalence of the two models in matching the data. Model parameter estimates showed to be suitable markers of differences observed in the OGTT and matched I-IVG responses from the HC1-group compared to the HC2-group. Model implementation in our two-step parameter estimation procedure enhances the possibility of a prospective application for individualization of the incretin effect in a single subject, when his/her data are plugged in.
In questo lavoro di tesi vengono proposte due diverse formulazioni (INT_M1 e INT_M2) di un nuovo modello integrato per la descrizione delle risposte del sistema di regolazione glucosio-insulina alla somministrazione orale di glucosio (oral glucose tolerance test, OGTT). INT_M1 e INT_M2 si differenziano per la descrizione dell’assorbimento gastrointestinale adottata: un modello ad un compartimento ed una funzione empirica per il primo ed un modello a tre compartimenti non lineare per il secondo. L’implementazione del modello in ambiente Matlab, all’interno di una nuova procedura di stima parametrica a due passi, ha permesso l’ottimizzazione di parametri caratteristici dell’assorbimento gastro-intestinale e della cinetica del glucosio, dell’insulina e dell’incretina. Il comportamento del modello è stato testato mediante best-fit di dati medi, presi dalla letteratura, delle concentrazioni plasmatiche di glucosio, insulina, di GIP (glucose-dependent insulinotropic polipeptide) e GLP-1 (glucagon-like peptide 1) misurati in due gruppi di soggetti sani (HC-1 e HC-2) sottoposti ad un protocollo OGTT standard e, successivamente, ad un protocollo endovenoso caratterizzato dalla somministrazione di un eguale andamento temporale del glucosio (isoglycemic intravenous glucose, I-IVG, infusion). I due modelli sono stati confrontati per quanto riguarda la capacità di riprodurre il potenziamento dell’insulina indotto dall’incretina ovvero l’aumentata risposta insulinica che si osserva a seguito di un OGTT paragonata a quella dell’I-IVG. Nell’ipotesi di un’azione additiva del GIP e del GLP-1 sul potenziamento dell’insulina, i risultati hanno mostrato una sostanziale equivalenza dei due modelli nel riprodurre i dati. Inoltre, i parametri stimati sembrano essere buoni indicatori delle differenze osservate nei due gruppi di soggetti sani. Infine la procedura di stima messa a punto apre la strada a future applicazioni mirate all’individualizzazione dell’effetto incretina.
Mathematical model of standard oral glucose tolerance test for characterization of insulin potentiation in health
MORETTINI, Micaela
2012
Abstract
Two new formulations, respectively denominated INT_M1 and INT_M2, of an integrated mathematical model to describe the glycemic and insulinemic responses to a 75 g oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) are proposed and compared. The INT_M1 assumes a single compartment for the intestine and the derivative of a power exponential function for monophasic representation of gastric emptying rate profile. In the INT_M2, a nonlinear three-compartment system model is adopted to produce a more realistic, multiphase gastric emptying rate. Both models were implemented in a Matlab-based, two-step procedure for estimation of seven adjustable coefficients characterizing the gastric emptying rate and the incretin, insulin and glucose kinetics. Model behaviour was tested vs. data of mean plasma glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1), glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP), glucose and insulin concentrations provided by two different laboratories, where glycemic profiles observed during a 75 g OGTT were matched in healthy subjects (HC1- and HC2-group, respectively) by means of an isoglycemic intravenous glucose (I-IVG) infusion. Under the hypothesis of an additive effect of GLP-1 and GIP on insulin potentiation, our results demonstrated a substantial equivalence of the two models in matching the data. Model parameter estimates showed to be suitable markers of differences observed in the OGTT and matched I-IVG responses from the HC1-group compared to the HC2-group. Model implementation in our two-step parameter estimation procedure enhances the possibility of a prospective application for individualization of the incretin effect in a single subject, when his/her data are plugged in.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14242/96996
URN:NBN:IT:UNIVPM-96996