The use of modern technologies applied to material and methodologies typical of the winemaking tradition are investigated in this work. The analyzes performed would like to provide helpful insights for extending the knowledge about the changing occurring in wine. Especially, this PhD thesis investigates three different aspects of winemaking: I) The impact of the type of container used during and after the fermentation: the study focused on the comparison between Chardonnay wines obtained with earthenware amphorae and wooden containers. The results showed that in-amphorae wine had a peculiar phenolic, volatile and sensory profile. This discovery allowed differentiating wine obtained through earthenware amphorae from wine made in wooden containers and provided knowledge for the possible development of a new Chardonnay wine-style obtained through earthenware amphorae. II) The influence of the type of stopper during the storage in bottle: the investigation concerned the comparison between wines closed with a new type of stopper made of microgranule cork without glue addition and wines closed with conventional cork-based stoppers. The phenolic, volatile and sensory profile were monitored during a bottle storage period of 12 months. The results of the analysis highlight the dominant influence of the storage time over the type of stopper on the wine composition. However, the comparison between different types of stoppers allowed a better comprehension of their influence on the final product. III) The binding of cyclic and non-cyclic proanthocyanidins (PACs) to potassium and calcium ions, which affect the chemico-physical stability of wines: novel cyclic proanthocyanidins recently discovered in wine, are investigated in the chemical properties to evaluate their impact on the colloidal stability of wine. The binding to these metals appeared to be influenced not only by the number of monomer units, but also by the conformation assumed by the molecules.
In questo lavoro è stato investigato l'utilizzo di moderne tecnologie applicate alle metodologie tipiche della tradizione enologica. Le analisi svolte mirano ad approfondire la conoscenza delle modificazioni chimiche e sensoriali che si verificano nel vino e ne influenzano la qualità. In particolare questa tesi di dottorato si focalizza su tre diversi aspetti della vinificazione: I) L'impatto del tipo di contenitore utilizzato in vinificazione (durante e dopo la fermentazione). Lo studio si è concentrato sul confronto tra vini Chardonnay ottenuti con anfore di terracotta e contenitori di legno. I risultati hanno mostrato che il vino in anfora si distingue per il caratteristico profilo fenolico, volatile e sensoriale permettendo di differenziarsi dal vino prodotto in contenitori di legno. L’esito di questo studio mostra la possibilità di sviluppare un nuovo stile di vino Chardonnay ottenuto attraverso anfore di terracotta. II) L'influenza del tipo di tappo durante la conservazione in bottiglia: l'indagine ha riguardato il confronto tra vini chiusi con un nuovo tipo di tappo in microgranulo di sughero senza aggiunta di colla e tappi convenzionali in sughero. Il profilo fenolico, volatile e sensoriale è stato monitorato durante un periodo di conservazione in bottiglia di 12 mesi. I risultati dell'analisi evidenziano l'influenza dominante del tempo di conservazione rispetto al tipo di tappo sulle caratteristiche chimico-sensoriali del vino. Tuttavia, il confronto tra diversi tipi di tappi permette una migliore comprensione dell’influenza della composizione del tappo sulla conservazione del vino. III) L’effetto dell'associazione di proantocianidine (PAC) cicliche e non cicliche a ioni di potassio e calcio sulla stabilità chimico-fisica dei vini. Lo studio riguarda una nuova classe di proantocianidine con struttura ciclica recentemente scoperta nel vino. Sono state analizzate le proprietà chimiche di legame delle PAC con metalli di calcio e potassio per valutarne l’impatto sulla stabilità colloidale del vino. Il legame con questi metalli risulta influenzato non solo dal numero di unità monomeriche, ma anche dalla conformazione assunta dalle molecole.
Technological Innovations Applied to the Winemaking Tradition
ROSSETTI, FABRIZIO
2019
Abstract
The use of modern technologies applied to material and methodologies typical of the winemaking tradition are investigated in this work. The analyzes performed would like to provide helpful insights for extending the knowledge about the changing occurring in wine. Especially, this PhD thesis investigates three different aspects of winemaking: I) The impact of the type of container used during and after the fermentation: the study focused on the comparison between Chardonnay wines obtained with earthenware amphorae and wooden containers. The results showed that in-amphorae wine had a peculiar phenolic, volatile and sensory profile. This discovery allowed differentiating wine obtained through earthenware amphorae from wine made in wooden containers and provided knowledge for the possible development of a new Chardonnay wine-style obtained through earthenware amphorae. II) The influence of the type of stopper during the storage in bottle: the investigation concerned the comparison between wines closed with a new type of stopper made of microgranule cork without glue addition and wines closed with conventional cork-based stoppers. The phenolic, volatile and sensory profile were monitored during a bottle storage period of 12 months. The results of the analysis highlight the dominant influence of the storage time over the type of stopper on the wine composition. However, the comparison between different types of stoppers allowed a better comprehension of their influence on the final product. III) The binding of cyclic and non-cyclic proanthocyanidins (PACs) to potassium and calcium ions, which affect the chemico-physical stability of wines: novel cyclic proanthocyanidins recently discovered in wine, are investigated in the chemical properties to evaluate their impact on the colloidal stability of wine. The binding to these metals appeared to be influenced not only by the number of monomer units, but also by the conformation assumed by the molecules.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14242/97363
URN:NBN:IT:UNIVPM-97363