Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are promising candidates for cell therapy and tissue engineering. In previous studies, the most important source of MSCs was adult bone marrow (BM). Recently, MSCs with similar cell surface markers and differentiation capacity have also been found in developmentally younger tissues. This study showed data from fetal MSCs obtained from first-trimester chorionic villi (CV) and second trimester amniotic fluid (AF), comparing them with BM. The work reports on growth in human allogeneic serum (HS) and platelet lysate (PL), immunophenotype, cytokine expression profile and immunoregulatory activity of fetal MSCs on stimulated peripheral blood mononuclear lymphocyte subpopulations. The cells studied was analyzed also for telomere length, telomerase activity, hTERT, p53 and cmyc transcriptions, to evaluate their replicative stability. Spontaneous chromosomal alterations were excluded by cytogenetic analysis. CV cells grow rapidly in HS, with 20 populations doublings (PDs) after 59 days (6 passages), and also in animal serum, with 27 PDs after 65 days (7 passages). PL allowed an expansion in 60% of the samples tested, though it was lower than HS. HS supported an average of 40 PDs of expansion in 20% of AF cells after 90 days, whereas animal serum supported 28.5 PDs in 66 days. CV and AF cells inhibited the proliferation of stimulated T lymphocytes, suppressing the growth of both CD4+ and CD8+ T subpopulations and, sometimes, CD19+ cells. Despite their high proliferation capacity, fetal MSCs showed no telomerase activity, no hTERT transcriptions and maintained long, stable telomeres. A constant expression level of p53 and c-myc and a normal karyotype were preserved throughout long-term expansion, suggesting the safety of fetal MSCs. In conclusion, these results indicate that CV would be an optimal and safety source of MSCs with high expansion potential in a HS propagation system, immunoregulatory capacity of T and B lymphocytes. More than 90% of CV samples achieved a large-scale expansion in HS, that is encouraging for potential clinical applications of these cells.
Le cellule staminali mesenchimali (Mesenchymal Stem Cells, MSCs) sono una popolazione con elevata capacità proliferativa e con potenziale di differenziazione multilineare; rappresentano, quindi, delle buone candidate per la terapia cellulare e la medicina rigenerativa. In questo studio sono state valutate MSCs fetali isolate da villi coriali (Chorionic Villi, CV) e da liquido amniotico (Amniotic Fluid, AF), confrontandole con le MSCs ottenute da midollo osseo (Bone Marrow, BM), per la capacità di crescita in presenza di siero umano allogenico (human serum, HS) o di lisato piastrinico (platelet lysate, PL), per le caratteristiche immunofenotipiche, il profilo di espressione citochinico e l’attività immunoregolatoria su linfociti allogenici stimolati e sottopopolazioni immunoselezionate. Data l’elevata potenzialità di espansione delle MSCs fetali, le cellule studiate sono state valutate per la loro stabilità replicativa tramite lo studio della lunghezza dei telomeri, l’attività dell’enzima telomerasi, l’espressione dei geni hTERT, c-myc e p53 e l’analisi del cariotipo. Una popolazione omogenea di cellule fibroblastoidi positiva ai tipici marcatori di superficie mesenchimali è stata isolata da tutti i campioni di CV ed AF analizzati. Le cellule di CV espandono rapidamente in HS (20 raddoppiamenti di popolazione, PDs, in 59 giorni e 6 passaggi di coltura), mentre in siero animale (fetal bovine serum, FBS) raggiungono 27 PDs in 65 giorni e 7 passaggi. Il PL determina un’espansione nel 60% dei campioni CV, comunque minore rispetto a quella in HS. I campioni di AF espandono, invece, 40 PDs in 90 giorni, ma solo nel 20% dei campioni analizzati, non proliferano in PL, mentre in FBS espandono 28.5 PDs in 66 giorni. Le cellule fetali studiate inibiscono la proliferazione di linfociti allogenici stimolati e regolano la crescita anche di popolazioni linfocitarie selezionate CD4+ e CD8+. Nonostante il loro elevato potenziale di espansione, le MSCs fetali studiate hanno mostrato una lunghezza stabile dei telomeri durante la cultura a lungo termine, assenza dell’attività telomerasica, nessuna espressione di hTERT, livelli costanti di espressione di c-myc e p53 e nessuna anomalia cromosomica. In conclusione, i risultati mostrano che i CV rappresentano un’ottima fonte di MSCs con proprietà immunoregolatorie, capace di espandere in un sistema di proliferazione umanizzato a lungo termine senza alterazioni genetiche. In più del 90% dei campioni di CV analizzati si ottiene un’espansione su larga scala in presenza di siero umano, incoraggiante per potenziali applicazioni cliniche.
Caratterizzazione fenotipica, molecolare e proprietà immunoregolatorie delle cellule staminali mesenchimali
MAURIZI, GIULIA
2012
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are promising candidates for cell therapy and tissue engineering. In previous studies, the most important source of MSCs was adult bone marrow (BM). Recently, MSCs with similar cell surface markers and differentiation capacity have also been found in developmentally younger tissues. This study showed data from fetal MSCs obtained from first-trimester chorionic villi (CV) and second trimester amniotic fluid (AF), comparing them with BM. The work reports on growth in human allogeneic serum (HS) and platelet lysate (PL), immunophenotype, cytokine expression profile and immunoregulatory activity of fetal MSCs on stimulated peripheral blood mononuclear lymphocyte subpopulations. The cells studied was analyzed also for telomere length, telomerase activity, hTERT, p53 and cmyc transcriptions, to evaluate their replicative stability. Spontaneous chromosomal alterations were excluded by cytogenetic analysis. CV cells grow rapidly in HS, with 20 populations doublings (PDs) after 59 days (6 passages), and also in animal serum, with 27 PDs after 65 days (7 passages). PL allowed an expansion in 60% of the samples tested, though it was lower than HS. HS supported an average of 40 PDs of expansion in 20% of AF cells after 90 days, whereas animal serum supported 28.5 PDs in 66 days. CV and AF cells inhibited the proliferation of stimulated T lymphocytes, suppressing the growth of both CD4+ and CD8+ T subpopulations and, sometimes, CD19+ cells. Despite their high proliferation capacity, fetal MSCs showed no telomerase activity, no hTERT transcriptions and maintained long, stable telomeres. A constant expression level of p53 and c-myc and a normal karyotype were preserved throughout long-term expansion, suggesting the safety of fetal MSCs. In conclusion, these results indicate that CV would be an optimal and safety source of MSCs with high expansion potential in a HS propagation system, immunoregulatory capacity of T and B lymphocytes. More than 90% of CV samples achieved a large-scale expansion in HS, that is encouraging for potential clinical applications of these cells.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14242/97380
URN:NBN:IT:UNIVPM-97380