Emerging circular economy business models in the waste electrical and electronic equipment (WEEE) sector

This dissertation investigates the development of emerging circular economy business models or CEBMs and how the waste electrical and electronic equipment (WEEE) sector is implementing them. Annual e-waste (waste electrical and electronic equipment) generation worldwide is rising, resulting in a significant waste stream because of its large quantity, possible harm to human health and the environment, and the valuable elements it contains. Circular solutions become essential for managing e-waste or WEEE, reducing pollution, and optimizing product value. As a result, to transition to a circular economy model, firms must take the initiative in implementing business models that promote the extended use and recovery of electrical products, components, and materials. Empirical research on the WEEE sector and circular strategies that support the adoption of circular economy business models in this sector is, however, insufficient despite the potential environmental, social, and economic benefits that the circular economy approach can offer to the industry. In addition, interested parties are hindered from implementing circular strategies into practice by a lack of knowledge of the business prospects associated with alternate end-of-life options. By deepening our knowledge of circular economy business models in the waste electrical and electronic equipment sector, this thesis aims to promote resource efficiency, reduce environmental impact, and advance the circular economy paradigm. This study combines qualitative and quantitative assessments to investigate the developing business models of the selected secondary case studies. Through a thorough analysis of the literature, industry practices, and WEEE regulatory frameworks, the dissertation highlights key business model dimensions and characteristics influencing the adoption and success of circular economy initiatives in the WEEE sector. The result shows that businesses operating in the WEEE sector employ various emerging circular economy business models designed to turn electronic waste into valuable resources. These are as the IT asset disposition model, trade-in/buyback and re-commerce model, electronics recycling model, technical support model, and WEEE reverse logistics model. The dissertation also iv illustrates how business models for the circular economy have an impact on the environment, society, and economy, giving readers a clear picture of their potential to reshape the waste electrical and electronic equipment sector. Insights derived from this study contribute to the body of knowledge on sustainable business practices by providing a business model taxonomy for businesses managing electronic waste in the context of the circular economy to legislators, industry stakeholders, and entrepreneurs.