Leveraging Biobank to Reveal Novel Pathophysiological Insights and Clinical Correlates in Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm Research.

Background: Investigating Abdominal Aortic Aneurysms (AAA) requires an intricate understanding of their underlying pathophysiology. In this context, the Genoa Tissue Bank - Vascular Division (GTB-VD) biobank's role becomes pivotal, offering a nuanced approach to research by providing well-curated and extensive biological data. This study utilizes these resources to explore the complex molecular mechanisms and clinical aspects of AAA. Methods: Employing the GTB-VD biobank's comprehensive repository, our research involved analysis of biological specimens from patients undergoing surgery for AAA and carotid artery stenosis. We focused on evaluating the Nrf2/AhR and HO-1 pathways using techniques such as real-time PCR and ELISA, integrated with patient clinical data. The study's design aimed to utilize the rich diversity of biobank data to glean insights into AAA while showcasing the impact of effective biobank management on enhancing research quality. Results: The investigation revealed differential protein expression of AhR and HO-1 in AAA patients compared to those with carotid stenosis, despite no significant differences at the mRNA level in PBMCs. Serum HO-1 levels varied between the two groups, with a median level statistically higher in carotid stenosis patients. Furthermore, the relationship between serum HO-1 levels and factors like age, renal function, and erythrocyte count was explored, showing only weak correlations. The GTB-VD biobank has facilitated a detailed exploration of these molecular aspects, showcasing the importance of systematic biobanking in vascular disease research. Conclusion: This study underscores the intricate molecular pathways involved in AAA and highlights the value of a well-structured biobank in enriching vascular disease research. It infers the involvement of Nrf2/AhR and HO-1 pathways in the pathogenesis of AAA and highlights serum HO-1's potential as a biomarker. By tapping into the GTB-VD biobank's extensive and diverse data, we could illuminate various aspects of AAA pathophysiology, demonstrating how organized biobanking can significantly contribute to complex disease research. Future endeavors should continue leveraging such resources, incorporating broader patient cohorts and diverse analytical methods, to further advance the understanding of AAA and similar vascular conditions.