The aim of this work is to describe the development of anarchist thought between the nineteenth and twentieth centuries, through the articles in “Freedom”, one of the oldest journals of contemporary anarchism. Specifically, this thesis is dedicated to the analysis of the theoretical debates in the pages of "Freedom" on the critique of authoritarianism and about the existing proposals for the construction of a new society, in particular about ownership, organization, work, violence, crime, war, education, women and ethics. This research will focus on the years between 1886, when the first issue of “Freedom” was published, and 1914, when Pëtr Kropotkin expressed his own position on the First World War in the columns of the London paper, provoking bitter controversy and heated debate within the anarchist movement on the position to be taken before the conflict. That debate would bring the Russian anarchist, after twenty-eight years of collaboration, to finally part company with the journal's editors. This monthly eight-page journal was started in October 1886 by Pëtr Kropotkin and Charlotte Wilson, with numerous prestigious collaborators, including several important figures of the anarchist and socialist movements, both local and international, such as the Communard Louise Michel (1830-1905), the founder of the Social Democratic Federation Henry Mayers Hyndman (1842-1921), the forerunner of the gay liberation movement Edward Carpenter (1844-1929), the leading exponent of anti-militarism Ferdinand Domela Nieuwenhuis (1846-1919), the famous Italian anarchist Errico Malatesta (1853-1932), the anarchist and socialist theorist Francesco Saverio Merlino (1853-1930), the editor of the magazine "Les Temps Nouveaux" Jean Grave (1854-1939), the Irish writer George Bernard Shaw (1856-1950), the Trade Unions leader Tom Mann (1856-1941), the homosexual novelist and poet John Henry Mackay (1864-1933), the historian of anarchism Max Nettlau (1865-1944), the anarchist feminist Emma Goldman (1869-1940), the anti-authoritarian and non-violent socialist theorist Gustav Landauer (1870-1919), the anarcho-syndicalist Rudolf Rocker (1873-1958), Warlaam Tcherkesoff (1846-1925) and his wife Freda, George Barrett (1888-1917), Vera Figner (1852-1942), and Alexander Berkman (1870-1936).
Questa tesi di dottorato ha come obiettivo quello di descrivere attraverso gli articoli del mensile “Freedom”, uno dei più longevi periodici dell'anarchismo contemporaneo, i differenti dibattiti politici, sociali ed economici che animano il movimento anarchico, inglese e internazionale, a cavallo tra ottocento e novecento. In particolare la presente ricerca intende incentrarsi sugli anni tra il 1886, data della pubblicazione del primo numero di “Freedom”, e il 1914, anno in cui l'anarchico russo Pëtr Kropotkin – uno dei principali fondatori del mensile insieme a Charlotte Wilson – rende pubblica la sua posizione sulla guerra proprio dalle colonne del giornale londinese, suscitando aspre polemiche e un acceso dibattito all'interno del movimento anarchico sulla posizione da assumere di fronte al conflitto che porteranno l'anarchico russo, dopo ventotto anni di collaborazione, ad allontanarsi definitivamente dalla redazione del periodico. Negli anni tra il 1886 e il 1914, oltre a Kropotkin, numerosi sono i prestigiosi collaboratori di “Freedom”, tra cui vi sono importanti figure del movimento anarchico e socialista sia inglese che internazionale come la comunarda Louise Michel (1830-1905), il fondatore della Social Democratic Federation Henry Mayers Hyndman (1842-1921), il precursore del movimento di liberazione omosessuale Edward Carpenter (1844-1929), il principale esponente dell'antimilitarismo anarchico olandese Ferdinand Domela Nieuwenhuis (1846-1919), il noto anarchico italiano Errico Malatesta (1853-1932), l'avvocato anarchico e teorico socialista Francesco Saverio Merlino (1853-1930), il redattore della rivista “Les Temps Nouveaux” Jean Grave (1854-1939), lo scrittore e drammaturgo irlandese George Bernard Shaw (1856-1950), il convinto sostenitore delle Trade Unions Tom Mann (1856-1941), il novellista e poeta omosessuale John Henry Mackay (1864-1933), lo storico dell'anarchismo tedesco Max Nettlau (1865-1944), l'anarchica russa femminista ante-litteram Emma Goldman (1869-1940), il sostenitore di un socialismo anti-autoritario e non violento Gustav Landauer (1870-1919), l'anarco-sindacalista Rudolf Rocker (1873-1958), il georgiano Warlaam Tcherkesoff (1846-1925) e la sua compagna Freda, George Barrett (1888-1917), Vera Figner (1852-1942), e Alexander Berkman (1870-1936).
PRIMA DELLA TEMPESTA. IL PENSIERO ANARCHICO ATTRAVERSO LE PAGINE DI 'FREEDOM' (1886-1914)
VARENGO, SELVA
2012
Abstract
The aim of this work is to describe the development of anarchist thought between the nineteenth and twentieth centuries, through the articles in “Freedom”, one of the oldest journals of contemporary anarchism. Specifically, this thesis is dedicated to the analysis of the theoretical debates in the pages of "Freedom" on the critique of authoritarianism and about the existing proposals for the construction of a new society, in particular about ownership, organization, work, violence, crime, war, education, women and ethics. This research will focus on the years between 1886, when the first issue of “Freedom” was published, and 1914, when Pëtr Kropotkin expressed his own position on the First World War in the columns of the London paper, provoking bitter controversy and heated debate within the anarchist movement on the position to be taken before the conflict. That debate would bring the Russian anarchist, after twenty-eight years of collaboration, to finally part company with the journal's editors. This monthly eight-page journal was started in October 1886 by Pëtr Kropotkin and Charlotte Wilson, with numerous prestigious collaborators, including several important figures of the anarchist and socialist movements, both local and international, such as the Communard Louise Michel (1830-1905), the founder of the Social Democratic Federation Henry Mayers Hyndman (1842-1921), the forerunner of the gay liberation movement Edward Carpenter (1844-1929), the leading exponent of anti-militarism Ferdinand Domela Nieuwenhuis (1846-1919), the famous Italian anarchist Errico Malatesta (1853-1932), the anarchist and socialist theorist Francesco Saverio Merlino (1853-1930), the editor of the magazine "Les Temps Nouveaux" Jean Grave (1854-1939), the Irish writer George Bernard Shaw (1856-1950), the Trade Unions leader Tom Mann (1856-1941), the homosexual novelist and poet John Henry Mackay (1864-1933), the historian of anarchism Max Nettlau (1865-1944), the anarchist feminist Emma Goldman (1869-1940), the anti-authoritarian and non-violent socialist theorist Gustav Landauer (1870-1919), the anarcho-syndicalist Rudolf Rocker (1873-1958), Warlaam Tcherkesoff (1846-1925) and his wife Freda, George Barrett (1888-1917), Vera Figner (1852-1942), and Alexander Berkman (1870-1936).File | Dimensione | Formato | |
---|---|---|---|
tesi Freedom.pdf
Open Access dal 13/09/2013
Dimensione
2.58 MB
Formato
Adobe PDF
|
2.58 MB | Adobe PDF | Visualizza/Apri |
I documenti in UNITESI sono protetti da copyright e tutti i diritti sono riservati, salvo diversa indicazione.
https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14242/172781
URN:NBN:IT:UNIMI-172781