In this thesis, various luminescent materials have been prepared and their structural and spectroscopic characterization has been performed in order to test their possible application as phosphors and/or scintillators. The samples under study were oxide based polycrystalline materials (silicates and phosphates) doped with different lanthanide ions. The luminescence properties of Tb3+ and Eu3+ at room temperature and their evolution in the 8 330 K range have been studied in various Tb based silicates with silico carnotite type structure. In the case of Ca3Tb2 xEuxSi3O12, efficient Tb3+ Eu3+ energy transfer has been observed upon UV excitation. Fast energy migration among Tb3+ ions has been found in Ca3Tb2Si3O12 and Ca3Tb2 xEuxSi3O12. A different series of silico carnotite type compounds has been also studied at room temperature. In this case, samples were Gd and Y based materials co doped with Tb3+ and Eu3+. The resulting emission colour of these systems can be modified by controlling the Tb3+/Eu3+ concentration ratio, leading to close to white emission in some of the analysed samples. The effect of the structural changes of the host lattice on the luminescence of Pr3+ has been analysed in two families of phosphates. For the Ca9M(PO4)7 (M = Al, Lu) powders it has been found that the optical properties of the Pr3+ 4f→4f transitions are quite insensitive to the nature of the M cation, but depend strongly on the dopant content: at high Pr3+ concentration the emission from the 1D2 level is quenched due to the presence of cross relaxation processes, whereas no evident changes were observed in the transitions originated in the 3P0 level. In the case of K3Lu1-xYx(PO4)2:Pr3+ samples, it has been found that the emission upon UV excitation is dominated by the 5d→4f intraconfigurational transitions of Pr3+, and that increasing Y content causes the blue shift of the emission band. This shift is linked to the structural changes induced in the host lattice because of the substitution of Lu by Y. Upon X ray excitation the favourable overlap between the defect emission of the host and the Pr3+ 4f→4f transitions causes the progressive variation of the ratio between the 5d→4f and the 4f→4f transitions.
In questa tesi sono stati preparati vari materiali luminescenti ed è stata eseguita la loro caratterizzazione strutturale e spettroscopica per testare la loro possibile applicazione come fosfori e/o scintillatori. I campioni studiati sono materiali policristallini a base di ossidi (silicati e fosfati) drogati con diversi tipi di ioni lantanidi. Sono state studiate le proprietà di lumenescenza di Tb3+ e Eu3+ a temperatura ambiente e le loro evoluzioni nell’intervallo di 8-300 K, in vari silicati a base di Tb con una struttura di tipo silico-carnotite. Nel caso di Ca3Tb2 xEuxSi3O12 è stato osservato un efficiente trasferimento di energia Tb3+ Eu3+ a seguito di eccitazione nell’UV. In Ca3Tb2Si3O12 e Ca3Tb2 xEuxSi3O12 è stata trovata una veloce migrazione di energia tra gli ioni Tb3+. È stata studiata anche un’altra diversa serie di composti con struttura silico-carnotite a temperatura ambiente. In questo caso, i campioni sono materiali a base di Gd e Y, drogati con Tb3+ e Eu3+. Il colore della emissione risultante di questi sistemi può essere modificato controllando il rapporto di concentrazione Tb3+/Eu3+, portando ad una emissione prossima al bianco nel caso di alcuni dei campioni analizzati. L’effetto dei cambiamenti strutturali della matrice sulla luminescenza del Pr3+ è stato studiato in due famiglie di fosfati. Nel caso delle polveri di Ca9M(PO4)7 (M = Al, Lu) è stato osservato che le proprietà ottiche delle transizioni 4f→4f del Pr3+ sono abbastanza insensibili alla natura del catione M, ma dipendono fortemente dalla quantitá di drogante: per un’alta concentrazione del Pr3+ l’emissione dal livello 1D2 è spenta a causa della presenza di processi di cross relaxation, mentre nessun cambiamento evidente è stato osservato nelle transizioni originate nel livello 3P0. Nel caso dei campioni K3Lu1-xYx(PO4)2:Pr3+, è stato trovato che l’emissione a seguito di eccitazone UV è dominata dalle transizioni intraconfigurazionali 5d→4f del Pr3+ e che l’aumento della quantità di Y causa uno spostamento della banda di emissione verso il blu. Questo spostamento è collegato ai cambiamenti strutturali indotti nella matrice a causa della sostituzione del Lu con Y. Eccitando con raggi X la favorevole sovrapposizione tra l’emissione dovuta ai difetti della matrice e le transizioni 4f→4f del Pr3+ provoca una progressiva variazione del rapporto tra le transizioni 5d→4f e 4f→4f.
Fast emitting oxide scintillators and phosphors
CARRASCO RUIZ, IRENE
2017
Abstract
In this thesis, various luminescent materials have been prepared and their structural and spectroscopic characterization has been performed in order to test their possible application as phosphors and/or scintillators. The samples under study were oxide based polycrystalline materials (silicates and phosphates) doped with different lanthanide ions. The luminescence properties of Tb3+ and Eu3+ at room temperature and their evolution in the 8 330 K range have been studied in various Tb based silicates with silico carnotite type structure. In the case of Ca3Tb2 xEuxSi3O12, efficient Tb3+ Eu3+ energy transfer has been observed upon UV excitation. Fast energy migration among Tb3+ ions has been found in Ca3Tb2Si3O12 and Ca3Tb2 xEuxSi3O12. A different series of silico carnotite type compounds has been also studied at room temperature. In this case, samples were Gd and Y based materials co doped with Tb3+ and Eu3+. The resulting emission colour of these systems can be modified by controlling the Tb3+/Eu3+ concentration ratio, leading to close to white emission in some of the analysed samples. The effect of the structural changes of the host lattice on the luminescence of Pr3+ has been analysed in two families of phosphates. For the Ca9M(PO4)7 (M = Al, Lu) powders it has been found that the optical properties of the Pr3+ 4f→4f transitions are quite insensitive to the nature of the M cation, but depend strongly on the dopant content: at high Pr3+ concentration the emission from the 1D2 level is quenched due to the presence of cross relaxation processes, whereas no evident changes were observed in the transitions originated in the 3P0 level. In the case of K3Lu1-xYx(PO4)2:Pr3+ samples, it has been found that the emission upon UV excitation is dominated by the 5d→4f intraconfigurational transitions of Pr3+, and that increasing Y content causes the blue shift of the emission band. This shift is linked to the structural changes induced in the host lattice because of the substitution of Lu by Y. Upon X ray excitation the favourable overlap between the defect emission of the host and the Pr3+ 4f→4f transitions causes the progressive variation of the ratio between the 5d→4f and the 4f→4f transitions.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14242/181274
URN:NBN:IT:UNIVR-181274